集中治療看護師の職場の逆境: 主要な組織的要因との関連
Candice Bowers1, Dalena Van Rooyen1, David Morton1
1Department of Nursing Science, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa.
Nursing in critical care
|February 16, 2026
まとめ
集中治療室 (ICU) の職場の不都合は,人材不足と看護師と患者の不適切な比率によって大きく引き起こされています. これらの組織的要因に対処することは,ICUにおけるスタッフの福祉と効果的な患者ケアを維持するために極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 介護看護 介護看護とは
- ヘルスケア・マネジメント・ヘルスケア・マネジメント
- クリティカルケア・メディシン
背景:
- 集中治療室 (ICU) の職場の逆境は,組織的,規律的,および外部要因の影響を受ける複雑な問題です.
- Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) モデルは,重症看護師の職場の逆境を理解するための枠組みを提供します.
- 限定的な研究は,集中治療看護の中心的な概念として,職場の逆境に焦点を当てています.
研究 の 目的:
- 重症ケア看護師の職場の逆境に寄与する組織的要因を特定する.
- 南アフリカの東ケープ州内の成人,小児,新生児ICUでこれらの要因を探求する.
主な方法:
- 定量的な,横断的な相関調査デザインが使用されました.
- 集中治療の看護師から,構造化された自己報告アンケートを使用してデータを収集しました.
- 統計分析は,Statistica バージョン 13.5.5 を使用して行われました.
主要な成果:
- 回答者の90%が,職場の逆境の主要な要因として,スタッフ不足を報告しています.
- 不十分な看護師と重症患者の比率 (70%),限られた専門的発達 (57%),不適切なリーダーシップスタイル (50%) も重要な要因でした.
- 合計353件のアンケートが記入されました.
結論:
- 解決されていない組織的な問題はICUを不安定化し,スタッフの福祉と患者のケアに悪影響を及ぼします.
- スタッフ不足やリーダーシップの問題などの要因を緩和することは,回復力のあるICU環境にとって不可欠です.
- 直線管理者は,職場の逆境に寄与する組織的要因を積極的に対処しなければなりません.
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