新しい精神活性物質の立法:英国における15年間の死亡率データ (2007年-2022年) の教訓
Kirsten L Rock1, Ric Treble2, Caroline S Copeland1,3
1Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
Frontiers in pharmacology
|February 16, 2026
まとめ
中国などの生産国における法令は,英国における新精神活性物質 (NPS) の利用可能性を大幅に削減している. 国際的な規制は,英国の薬物政策に影響を与え,統合された有害性削減とグローバルな協力を必要とする.
科学分野:
- 法医学毒理学 法医学毒理学
- 薬物政策分析 薬物政策分析
- 国際法 国際法 国際法
背景:
- 新型精神活性物質 (NPS) は,規制薬物に対する法的代替品として登場した.
- 中国はNPSの主要な世界的な供給源であり,英国の生産はそれほど目立たない.
- NPSの利用可能性に対する立法的な影響を理解することは,公衆衛生にとって極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- イギリス,中国,国連の立法による規制が英国におけるNPSの利用可能性に与える影響を評価する.
- 死亡後のNPS検出を,可用性の指標として分析する.
- 効果的な薬物規制戦略を策定するための情報提供.
主な方法:
- 2007年から2022年にかけての死後の薬物検出の分析 (薬物使用による死亡率に関する国家プログラム).
- 検出された麻薬の分類:古典的規制物質,中国規制のNPS,その他のNPS.
- 立法上の変更に関連した検出の時間的動向の検討.
主要な成果:
- 古典的な物質は依然として最も一般的であり,オピオイド (2017年),刺激剤 (2015年),カンナビノイド (2018年,2021年) のNPS検出は異なる時期にピークに達しました.
- イギリスの立法規制が削減に先行したが,中国の立法,特に2021年の合成カンナビノイド禁止は,英国の検出の大幅な減少と相関していた.
- NPS検出の減少は,中国の立法行動とより密接に関連していた.
結論:
- 生産国,特に中国における法律は,英国におけるNPSの可用性を減らすのに最も効果的です.
- イギリスの薬物環境は,国際的な立法的なタイムラインの影響を受け,脆弱性を生み出しています.
- 英国の効果的な薬物政策には,有害物質の削減を立法的な管理と統合し,国際協力を促進することが必要である.
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