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Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game01:24

Social Foundations of Self I: Play and Game

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The development of self in children is deeply rooted in social interactions, mainly through stages of play and structured games. These stages, outlined by sociologist George Herbert Mead, illustrate how children progressively learn to understand and adopt social roles, forming a cohesive sense of self.The Play Stage: Imitation and Simple Role-TakingIn the early years of childhood, the play stage is characterized by imitative behavior, where children engage in role-playing based on familiar...
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Decision Making01:20

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Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving01:06

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

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In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
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Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving01:16

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Statically indeterminate problems are those where statics alone can not determine the internal forces or reactions. Consider a structure comprising two cylindrical rods made of steel and brass. These rods are joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Now, the reactions at points A and C and the deflection at point B are to be determined. This rod structure is classified as statically indeterminate as the structure has more supports than are necessary for maintaining...
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It is far more common for collisions to occur in two dimensions; that is, the initial velocity vectors are neither parallel nor antiparallel to each other. Let's see what complications arise from this. The first idea is that momentum is a vector. Like all vectors, it can be expressed as a sum of perpendicular components (usually, though not always, an x-component and a y-component, and a z-component if necessary). Thus, when the statement of conservation of momentum is written for a...
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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

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DNAベースの協同ゲーム:インタラクティブな集団的意思決定アーキテクチャ

Yao Yao1,2, Xiaokang Zhang1,2, Ranfeng Wu1,2

  • 1School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, Liaoning, China. zhangq@dlut.edu.cn.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry
|February 16, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

私たちは,分子ゲーミングのための新しいDNAコンピューティングアーキテクチャであるTrident Decision Maker (TDM) を開発しました. このプログラム可能なシステムは,以前のDNA計算方法の限界を克服し,信頼性の高い,同期的なマルチエージェントの意思決定を可能にします.

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科学分野:

  • バイオ分子工学とは
  • コンピュータ生物学 コンピュータ生物学
  • 合成生物学 合成生物学とは

背景:

  • ゲーム理論は,マルチエージェントの戦略的相互作用をモデル化しています.
  • DNAコンピューティングは,新しいシステムのプログラム可能な,並列の分子規模の操作を可能にします.
  • 既存のDNA計算方法は,信号減弱や非同期などの制限に直面しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 分子ゲーミングのための堅牢なDNAコンピューティングアーキテクチャを開発する.
  • 現在のDNAベースのシステムにおけるスケーラビリティと信頼性の問題に対処するために.
  • 先進的な分子意思決定機能を実装する.

主な方法:

  • トライデント・ディシジョン・メイカー (TDM) を中心とした"多数決ルール"ゲームベースのDNAアーキテクチャを開発しました.
  • TDMは三角形の認識領域と二重鎖信号モジュールを使用しています.
  • 副産物を除去し,同期反応を可能にするために,配列非特異的水解のためのレバレッジされたエクソヌクレアゼ・ラムダ (Exo λ).

主要な成果:

  • TDMアーキテクチャは,カスケードネットワークなしで同期応答を可能にします.
  • Exo λ を使用して部分的な副産物を除去し,直角配列設計の複雑さを軽減します.
  • 先進的な戦略を成功裏に実施した: 1 票の拒否権,アクセス制御,および決定の撤回.

結論:

  • TDMは,分子システムのためのプログラム可能な,多数決ルールゲーム理論のプラットフォームを確立します.
  • このアーキテクチャは,分子意思決定の信頼性とスケーラビリティを高めます.
  • 分子コンピューティング,マルチエージェント相互作用,およびバイオセンシングのアプリケーションのための道を開きます.