関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 19, 2026

09:33
Rapid Isolation of the Mitoribosome from HEK Cells
Published on: October 4, 2018
11.8K
酵母およびヒトミトコンドリアリボソームにおけるbL36mタンパク質の機能的分岐
Uliana E Piunova1, Mariia V Baleva1, Margarita S Lantsova1
1Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
Biochemistry. Biokhimiia
|February 17, 2026
まとめ
細菌のL36タンパク質は必須ではないが,ミトコンドリアの同位体 (bL36m) は酵母菌の成長に不可欠である. bL36mの欠如は,シトクロームc酸化酵素の合成を妨害することによって,酵母におけるミトコンドリア機能を損なうが,ヒト細胞ではそうではない.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- リボソームタンパク質L36 (L36) は,細菌,ミトコンドリア,クロロプラストのリボソームの構造成分である.
- L36は,ペプチジルトランスファーゼセンターとL7/L12茎を含む大きなリボソームサブユニット内の重要な機能部位を安定させます.
- L36は,バクテリアとミトコンドリアにおける大きなリボソームサブユニットアセンブリの最終段階に組み込まれています.
研究 の 目的:
- タンパク質合成とミトコンドリア機能におけるL36 (bL36m) のミトコンドリア同類体の本質性と機能を調査する.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeとヒトの細胞におけるbL36m欠乏の影響を比較する.
主な方法:
- サッカロマイセス・セレヴィシアとヒトの細胞における遺伝子消去の研究.
- ミトコンドリアリボソームの組立と機能の分析.
- ミトコンドリアのタンパク質合成と呼吸器連鎖複合体の活性,特にシトクロームc酸化酵素の評価.
主要な成果:
- バクテリアのL36遺伝子の削除は,バクテリアの成長やmRNA翻訳に影響を与えませんでした.
- Saccharomyces cerevisiaeでは,RTC6遺伝子 (bL36mをコードする) の削除により,シトクロームc酸化酵素の活性が低下し,ミトコンドリアでコードされたサブユニットの合成が妨げられ,発酵不可能な炭素源での成長が妨げられました.
- 対照的に,ヒト細胞におけるbL36mの欠如は,ミトコンドリアのタンパク質合成やリボソーム組成に有意な影響を及ぼさなかったが,ミトコンドリアの呼吸は減少しており,潜在的呼吸連鎖組織の問題を示唆している.
結論:
- ミトコンドリアのL36ホモログ (bL36m) は酵母成長と適切なミトコンドリア機能に不可欠であり,特にシトクロームc酸化酵素アセンブリに影響を与える.
- bL36mの機能と本質は,酵母細胞とヒト細胞の間で大きく異なります.
- bL36mがヒト細胞に欠けていることは,ミトコンドリアの翻訳を止めることはありませんが,呼吸器の連鎖組織に影響を与える可能性があります.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Porin Insertion in the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane
4.9K
Porins are beta-barrel proteins translocated to the mitochondrial outer membrane through the TOM complex into the intermembrane space. Porin precursors bind TIM chaperones within the intermembrane space and are guided to the Sorting and Assembly Machinery complex or SAM complex on the outer mitochondrial membrane.
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
Three models describe the assembly of porins by the SAM complex and their insertion into the outer membrane. Model 1 suggests that porins are assembled outside the SAM channel as the...
4.9K
Animal Mitochondrial Genetics
9.3K
Among all the organelles in an animal cell, only mitochondria have their own independent genomes. Animal mitochondrial DNA is a double-stranded, closed-circular molecule with around 20,000 base pairs. Mitochondrial DNA is unique in that one of its two strands, the heavy, or H, -strand is guanine rich, whereas the complementary strand is cytosine rich and called the light, or L, -strand. Compared to nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA has a very low percentage of non-coding regions and is marked by...
9.3K
Ribosome Profiling
4.2K
Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
4.2K
Protein Complexes with Interchangeable Parts
3.0K
Groups of proteins may form a complex where each protein in this complex has a different role in the overall execution of the complex’s function. Often some of the proteins in the complex can be replaced by a closely related variant to give a complex that contains many of the same components yet is functionally distinct.
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
The SCF ubiquitin ligase is a protein complex of five individual proteins. This complex attaches ubiquitin to other target proteins to mark them for degradation. In order...
3.0K
Leaky Scanning
5.8K
During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA. Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R...
5.8K
Structure of Porins
4.0K
Mitochondria, chloroplasts, and gram-negative bacteria have transmembrane, beta-barrel proteins called porins to mediate the free diffusion of ions and metabolites across the membrane. Mitochondrial porin precursors contain conserved amino acid sequences called beta signals at their C-terminal. Beta signals have a motif of PoXGXXHyXHy (Po-Polar, X-Any amino acid, G-Glycine, Hy-LargeHydrophobic), which are crucial for precursor recognition to initiate precursor assembly. Beta-barrel...
4.0K

