ストラトスフィアのバイオマスを燃やすエアロゾールは,2020年春に北極圏上空で記録的なオゾン層の減少を補償する

Qirui Zhong¹, Sander Veraverbeke^2,3, Pengfei Yu⁴

¹College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China. qrzhong@pku.edu.cn.

Nature communications

|February 17, 2026

まとめ

ストラトスフィアのバイオマス燃焼エアロゾール (SBBA) は北極のオゾンに影響を及ぼします. 懸念にもかかわらず,SBBAは2020年春にオゾン層を驚くほど19%増加させました.

科学分野:

大気化学と大気物理学
気候科学気候科学
環境科学環境科学

背景:

ストラトスフィアのバイオマス燃焼エアロゾール (SBBA) は,北極のオゾン (O3) に新たな脅威をもたらしています.
以前の研究は,SBBAが温度と循環に及ぼすダイナミックな影響を無視して,化学的影響に焦点を当てていた.
北極圏のオゾン層の減少は,重大な環境問題である.

研究の目的:

2019~2020年にSBBAが北極のオゾンに及ぼす化学的およびダイナミックな影響を評価する.
高いエアロゾール負荷の期間中に観測されたオゾン層の減少に対するSBBAの寄与を定量化するために.
ストラトスフィアのオゾンにSBBAの影響を与えるメカニズムを理解するために.

主な方法:

SBBAの衝撃をシミュレートするために,衛星限定モデリングが使用されました.
高 SBBA 負荷とオゾン層の減少を伴う2019-2020年の北極地域の分析.
オゾン濃度に影響を与える化学的およびダイナミックなプロセスの調査.

主要な成果:

SBBAは,北極のオゾン層の純増加を引き起こし,2020年春に観測された減少の19%を相殺しました.
ストラトスフィアの加熱と極側へのオゾン輸送の強化を含むダイナミックなプロセスが支配的であった.
SBBAイベントは,北向きの火災活動と異常な極地サイクロンシステムに関連していた.

結論:

SBBAのダイナミックな効果は,北極のオゾン予算に決定的な役割を果たしています.
予想される北極火災の増加は,SBBAの化学的および動的影響の統合的評価を必要とします.
変化する気候におけるオゾン予算の正確な評価には,SBBAの化学効果と動的効果の両方を考慮する必要があります.

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