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Updated: Feb 19, 2026

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幼児における多発性疾患の規模:世界的なシステマティックレビュー
Somen Kumar Pradhan1, Jogesh Murmu2, Upasana Nayak2
1Maharaja Krushna Chandra Gajapati Medical College and Hospital Brahmapur, Ganjam, India.
Systematic reviews
|February 18, 2026
まとめ
子どもの多発性病症,つまり多発性慢性疾患が同時に発生することは,ますます懸念される問題となっています. 発症率は様々で,社会的要因や人生の初期に起きた出来事により,生活の質や医療ニーズに影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- 小児の健康に関する小児保健
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 慢性疾患の疫学 慢性疾患の疫学
背景:
- 2つ以上の慢性疾患が同時に発生すると定義される子供の多病症は,十分に研究されていない世界的な健康問題です.
- 大人の多病性とは異なり,重要な発達段階に影響を及ぼし,身体的,認知的,感情的な健康に影響を及ぼします.
- その流行,相関関係,および長期的な影響については,さらなる理解が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 児童の多発性疾患の流行,相関関係,結果に関する既存の証拠を体系的に検討し,統合する.
- 一般小児科の観察研究から得られた結果を統合する.
主な方法:
- 2024年5月31日までの主要データベース (PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CINAHL) で包括的な文献検索が行われました.
- 含まれている研究では,0歳から18歳までの子供における多発性疾患の流行が報告されました.
- 異質性のために,メタ分析の代わりに,物語の合成が採用されました.
主要な成果:
- 9つの観察研究は,包括基準を満たし,さまざまな小児の集団における流行率は1.26%から17.04%であった.
- 特定された主要な相関関係には,社会経済的な不利な状況,早期の生活要因 (例えば,早産),および多重被害が含まれる.
- 身体的および精神的健康状態の同時発生は,健康関連の生活の質,医療利用,および教育成績に大きな影響を与えます.
結論:
- 幼児の多病性疾患は,健康と社会的課題を大きく抱えており,総合的なケアと研究比較のための標準化された定義を必要としています.
- 社会的決定要因と早期の介入に焦点を当てた予防戦略は,長期的な負担を軽減するために不可欠です.
- 将来の研究は,進行を追跡し,標的の介入を告知するために,縦断的な研究を優先すべきである.
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