関連する実験動画
Updated: Feb 20, 2026

06:27
Simulating Impacts of Ice Storms on Forest Ecosystems
Published on: June 30, 2020
7.5K
カナダの重要なインフラストラクチャに及ぼす気候変動の影響に関する体系的なレビュー
Dilruba Fatima Sharmin1, Daniel Henstra2, Jason Thistlethwaite3
1Climate Risk Research Group, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.
Environmental management
|February 18, 2026
まとめ
気候変動はカナダの重要なインフラ (CI) に重大な影響を及ぼし,損害と障害を引き起こす. 研究は,主要な脆弱性を強調し,全国的にCIのレジリエンスを強化するために統合されたアプローチを要求しています.
科学分野:
- 環境科学 環境科学
- 土木工学 土木工学とは
- 気候変動への適応 気候変動への適応
背景:
- 重要なインフラストラクチャ (CI) は,社会的機能と経済活動にとって不可欠ですが,気候変動のリスクが増えています.
- カナダのCIに対する気候変動の影響に関する証拠は断片化されており,包括的な合成が必要である.
- 既存の研究は地理的に集中し,特定のセクターや危険に焦点を当てています.
研究 の 目的:
- カナダのCIに対する気候変動の影響に関するピアレビューされた研究を体系的にレビューする.
- 研究のギャップと地理的/部門的集中を特定する.
- 気候に耐性のあるCIの研究と政策を前進させるための優先事項を概説する.
主な方法:
- PRISMAのガイドラインに従って,体系的な文献レビューを行う.
- 関連する研究を特定するためのPICO情報に基づく検索戦略.
- 影響,危険,脆弱性,方法論に関する調査結果の統合.
主要な成果:
- 研究はオンタリオ州とブリティッシュ・コロンビア州に集中しており,交通,水,廃水,エネルギー分野に重点を置いています.
- 洪水,極端な降水,気温の変動,永久凍土の融解が支配的な危険性であり,野火や複合リスクは十分に研究されていない.
- 研究では,物理的損害,サービス中断,経済的損失,連続的な故障を一貫して報告しています.
- 資産の年齢やガバナンスなどの非気候的要因は,脆弱性と回復に大きく影響を与えます.
- 方法論は主にエンジニアリングと水文モデリングを使用し,社会的,制度的,および公平性の考慮が限られています.
結論:
- 現在の研究は基盤を提供しているが,地理的・主題的にも大きなギャップがある.
- 気候変動のレジリエンスに取り組むには,エンジニアリングのアプローチと並行して,社会的,制度的,平等の側面を統合する必要があります.
- 優先事項には,研究範囲を未熟な危険物や地域に拡大し,CI適応戦略の堅実化のために学際的な協力を促進することが含まれます.
関連する概念動画
What is Climate?
21.0K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
21.0K
Frost Action on Concrete
488
Concrete structures in cold climates, such as those along roadsides, can retain moisture. This moisture makes them susceptible to frost-related damage when temperatures fall below freezing. Adding moisture worsens the damage during temperature fluctuations, leading to repeated freezing and thawing. De-icing salts, spread over these structures to melt ice, add to the freeze-thaw cycle, and draw even more moisture into the concrete.
This freeze-thaw cycle primarily causes surface scaling, where...
This freeze-thaw cycle primarily causes surface scaling, where...
488
Global Climate Change
29.1K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
29.1K
Masonry in Cold and Hot Weather Conditions
353
In cold weather, masonry construction requires specific precautions to ensure mortar does not freeze before curing, as this can significantly weaken its strength and watertightness. Mortar temperature should be maintained between 60°F and 80°F to support proper hydration and curing. Below 40°F, mortar water must be heated, but should not exceed 120°F as high temperatures can reduce mortar's compressive and bond strength.
Other key practices include keeping masonry units...
Other key practices include keeping masonry units...
353
Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment
338
Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
338
Effects of Creep
472
Creep in concrete, the gradual deformation under prolonged stress, significantly impacts the integrity of structures. For reinforced concrete beams, it can be a vital design consideration, as it increases deflection, sometimes necessitating additional design measures. In columns, especially slender ones under eccentric loads, creep can cause buckling, compromising their stability. However, creep can be beneficial in indeterminate structures by mitigating stresses that arise from shrinkage,...
472
