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Coagulation01:06

Coagulation

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Colloidal solids are solid particles suspended in solution. They are usually negatively charged, attracting a compact primary layer of positively charged ions, which attract more counterions to form an electrical double layer. Electrostatic repulsion between the charged double layers prevents the particles from colliding, stabilizing the colloids. These solids are often undesirable because they can contain toxins that are difficult to remove. Coagulation is a technique that helps aggregate and...
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Colloids and Suspensions01:17

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles visible to the naked eye or seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. The suspended particles in a suspension settle out after some time of mixing. The separation of particles from a suspension is...
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Colloidal precipitates01:09

Colloidal precipitates

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The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
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Colloids03:22

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Children at play often make suspensions such as mixtures of mud and water, flour and water, or a suspension of solid pigments in water known as tempera paint. These suspensions are heterogeneous mixtures composed of relatively large particles that are visible to the naked eye or can be seen with a magnifying glass. They are cloudy, and the suspended particles settle out after mixing. On the other hand, a solution is a homogeneous mixture in which no settling occurs and in which the dissolved...
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Red algae, also known as rhodophytes, are primarily found in marine environments, though some species inhabit freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. These organisms exist in both unicellular and multicellular forms, with some multicellular varieties reaching macroscopic sizes.As phototrophic organisms, red algae contain chlorophyll a; however, their chloroplasts lack chlorophyll b. Instead, they possess phycobiliproteins, which serve as major light-harvesting pigments, similar to those found in...
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A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 20, 2026

Soil Lysimeter Excavation for Coupled Hydrological, Geochemical, and Microbiological Investigations
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山岳地帯の洪水平原内の変性酸化還元孔水の有機コロイド組成.

Brandy D Stewart1, Sharon E Bone2, Eleanor Spielman-Sun1

  • 1Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.

Water research
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

土壌の有機物質の孔水は,深さとともに酸化還元グラデーションに沿って変化します. 鉄と関連した炭酸塩酸塩に富んだ有機物質は,より深いところで見つかり,土壌層を減少させ,表面水への潜在的な輸送を示唆しました.

キーワード:
アルプス山脈の洪水平原である.有機物質は有機物質である.スキャン・トランスミッション X線顕微鏡トランスミッション電子顕微鏡

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Sediment Core Sectioning and Extraction of Pore Waters under Anoxic Conditions
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10:30

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Laboratory Simulation of an IronII-rich Precambrian Marine Upwelling System to Explore the Growth of Photosynthetic Bacteria
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科学分野:

  • 環境科学 環境科学
  • 地質化学 地質化学
  • 土壌科学は,土壌科学である.

背景:

  • 地下水系におけるレドックス・グラディエントは,コロイドの生産と輸送に影響を及ぼします.
  • コロイドの有機組成は,無機成分よりも理解が少ない.
  • コロイド中の有機物質は,鉱物関連,金属複合,微生物呼吸において役割を果たします.

研究 の 目的:

  • 沿岸の土壌におけるリドックス・グラデントに沿った孔水有機物質の組成を調べる.
  • 有機物質の化学が深さや酸化還元条件によってどのように変化するかを理解する.

主な方法:

  • 沿岸の土壌における様々な深さ (90~350cm) の孔水有機物質の組成の分析.
  • 関連するスキャン・トランスミッションX線顕微鏡とトランスミッション電子顕微鏡を用いた.
  • 孔水炭素の放射性炭素年代測定.

主要な成果:

  • 200cmの炭酸塩酸塩濃度 (鉄/硫酸塩の還元で酸化から亜酸化) から,他の深さでのフェノールおよび代替芳香物質濃度への有機物質化学のシフトが観察されました.
  • 200cmの孔水では,より浅い,より深いサンプルと比較して,より若い炭素が見つかりました.
  • 溶けた/コロイドの有機物質,pH,アルカリ性,伝導性の増加は200cmで観察されました.

結論:

  • 岸辺の土壌の孔水の有機物質の化学性は,酸化還元条件と深さによって著しく変化します.
  • 鉄と炭酸塩酸塩が豊富な有機コロイドの存在は,地下水の流れを通じて地表水に輸送される可能性のあるメカニズムを示唆しています.