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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

11.7K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
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The Nitrogen Cycle01:49

The Nitrogen Cycle

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Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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The Calvin Benson Cycle01:46

The Calvin Benson Cycle

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Ribulose 1,5- bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) is a critical enzyme that catalyzes carbon dioxide assimilation during photosynthesis. However, it is an inefficient enzyme, having an extremely slow catalytic rate. A typical enzyme can process about a thousand molecules per second; however, RuBisCo fixes only around three-carbon dioxides per second. Photosynthetic cells compensate for this slow rate by synthesizing very high amounts of RuBisCo, making it the most abundant single...
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The Carbon Cycle01:14

The Carbon Cycle

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Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.
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Oxygen Transport in the Blood01:27

Oxygen Transport in the Blood

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Hemoglobin (Hb) is a crucial molecule in the human body, consisting of four polypeptide chains, each bound to an iron-containing heme group. This unique structure enables hemoglobin to bind to oxygen, with each molecule capable of combining with four molecules of oxygen, leading to rapid and reversible oxygen loading. When fully loaded with oxygen, it is called oxyhemoglobin, while hemoglobin that has released oxygen is called reduced hemoglobin or deoxyhemoglobin. As hemoglobin binds oxygen,...
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A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
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大気中のCO2の上昇は,北極の森林における窒素の可用性を減少させる.

Kelley R Bassett1, Stefan F Hupperts2, Sandra Jämtgård2

  • 1Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden. kelley.bassett@slu.se.

Nature
|February 18, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の上昇は,スウェーデンの森林における窒素の利用量の減少を引き起こしており,これはオリゴトロフィケーションとして知られる現象である. この研究は,世界の森林生態系に影響を与える主要な原動力としてCO2を確認しています.

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Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures
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Single-throughput Complementary High-resolution Analytical Techniques for Characterizing Complex Natural Organic Matter Mixtures

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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Role of Earthworms in Enhancing Mineral Weathering for CO2 Removal
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Author Spotlight: Unraveling the Role of Earthworms in Enhancing Mineral Weathering for CO2 Removal
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科学分野:

  • エコロジー エコロジー エコロジー
  • 環境科学 環境科学
  • バイオジオケミストリー バイオジオケミストリー

背景:

  • 人為的な窒素汚染は,地球規模で優化を引き起こす.
  • いくつかの生態系は,大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) の増加と関連している可能性があるオリゴトロフィケーションの兆候を示しています.
  • 植物性窒素同位体 (δ15N) の年代順は,オリゴトロフィケーションを示唆しているが,ドライバー (CO2対N堆積) は議論されている.

研究 の 目的:

  • スウェーデンの森林における窒素利用量の減少 (オリゴトロフィケーション) の要因を調査する.
  • 窒素同位素 (δ15N) のツリーリングのクロノロジーを,広い緯度グラデーションで構築し,分析する.
  • 森林生態系の変化に対する二酸化炭素と窒素堆積量の上昇の相対的な影響を決定する.

主な方法:

  • アーカイブされたスウェーデンの森林サンプル (1961-2018) から δ15Nの樹輪年代表の構築.
  • 1,500kmの緯度範囲を横断した分析で,CO2の上昇が均一で,Nの堆積が変動している.
  • 線形混合効果モデルの適用により,δ15N値の主要な予測要因を特定する.

主要な成果:

  • スウェーデン全土で一貫して低下するδ15Nの年代順が観察されました.
  • CO2の上昇は,δ15N値の最も強い予測要因として浮上した.
  • 窒素堆積,気温,森林基礎面積は説明力が低いことを示した.

結論:

  • 大気中のCO2の上昇は,スウェーデンの北極林におけるオリゴトロフィケーションの主な原因である.
  • この発見は,世界の炭素吸収源としての森林の将来の役割を理解する上で重要な意味を持つ.
  • この研究は,CO2が生態系の栄養循環に及ぼす広範囲にわたる影響を強調しています.