低,中所得国における抗生物質使用パターン:体系的レビュー分析
Anant Nepal1, Nilam Bhandari2, Ranjeeta Subedi3
1Nepal Karuna Sewa Samaj, Palpa, Lumbini, Nepal.
まとめ
抗生物質耐性は世界的な脅威です. このレビューでは,高い抗生物質の処方率と,低・中所得国における"Watch"抗生物質の使用に関して,管理プログラムの必要性を明らかにした.
科学分野:
- グローバル・ヘルス グローバル・ヘルス
- 感染症 感染症は感染症です.
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- 抗生物質耐性は,抗生物質の不適切な使用によって引き起こされる重要な世界的な健康問題です.
- 抗生物質の合理的な使用は,感染の効果的な治療と抵抗性の軽減に不可欠です.
- 低,中所得国は,抗生物質の処方パターンにおいてユニークな課題に直面しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 低・中所得国の抗生物質使用パターンを体系的に検討する.
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) の基準に対して抗生物質の処方量を評価する.
- 合理的な抗生物質使用を促進し,耐性を低減する介入の情報提供.
主な方法:
- PRISMAのガイドラインに沿った体系的なレビュー.
- Scopus,Embase,Medlineのデータベースで検索した (2010年1月 - 2025年11月).
- 11カ国の20の横断的な研究が含まれ,Kmet クリティカルアセスメントチェックリストを使用して評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 平均的な"抗生物質の処方箋の割合"は51.4% (52.7%は民間, 49.3%は公共部門) でした.
- "Watch"抗生物質の高使用率 (47.4%-74.0%) は,いくつかの研究でWHOの推奨値を超えました.
- アモキシシリンは最も頻繁に使用されましたが",Watch"抗生物質も広く処方されました.
結論:
- 抗生物質の処方率と"ウォッチ"抗生物質の使用は,よくWHOの推奨値を超えています.
- 効果的な抗生物質管理プログラムの実施は不可欠です.
- これらの地域において,合理的な抗生物質の使用を促進し,耐性に対抗するための介入が必要である.
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