医療従事者における労働関連筋骨格疾患の発生率とリスク要因:観察研究
R Rajarethinam1, K Venkatachalam2, Vanamail Perumal3
1Department of Physiotherapy, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.
Indian journal of occupational and environmental medicine
|February 19, 2026
まとめ
労働関連筋骨格障害 (WMSD) は,インドの医療従事者,特に看護師の80%以上に影響します. 介入と訓練を通じて,人体工学上のリスクに対処することは,彼らの職業健康にとって極めて重要です.
科学分野:
- 職業衛生は,健康に関するものです.
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- エルゴノミクス エルゴノミクス
背景:
- 労働関連筋骨格障害 (WMSDs) は,医療従事者にとって重要な世界的な職業健康問題です.
- インドの医療環境は,厳しい条件,患者負担,資源の制限により,高いエルゴノミクスリスクがあります.
- 医者や看護師は,医療環境におけるWMSDに対して特に脆弱である.
研究 の 目的:
- インド南部の医療従事者 (HCW) の間でWMSDの流行を調査する.
- この集団におけるWMSDに関連した主要な危険因子を特定する.
- 職業衛生の改善のための標的型介入の情報提供.
主な方法:
- 290人の医師と看護師を対象とした横断的な研究が行われました.
- 階層化されたランダムサンプリングにより,代表的な参加者の選択が保証されました.
- データ収集は,標準化された北欧筋骨格問卷と作業プロファイルの評価を使用して,ロジスティック回帰を含む統計的方法で分析されました.
主要な成果:
- WMSDの高い罹患率 (82.1%) が観察され,腰,首,肩が最も影響を受けた.
- 看護師は,医師と比較してWMSDの有意に高い流行を示した (88.4%対73.9%).
- 長い時間立っていること,重複する作業,不良なエルゴノミクス,長年の労働経験 (>10年),およびエルゴノミクスに関する訓練の欠如は,重要なリスク要因として特定されました.
結論:
- WMSDは,インドの医療従事者,特に看護師に対して,かなりの職業衛生上の負担を課しています.
- 職場のエルゴノミクスの介入と包括的なトレーニングプログラムの緊急実施が必要である.
- 前線医療従事者の健康と福祉を保護するために,政策レベルのイニシアティブが必要である.
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