解離性アイデンティティ障害と部分解離性アイデンティティ障害
Deutsches Arzteblatt international
|February 19, 2026
まとめ
分離性アイデンティティ障害 (DID) と部分的DIDには,経験的検証と証拠に基づいた治療法がない. 解離性症状は,複雑なPTSDとBPDによってよりよく説明され,治療法が確立されています.
科学分野:
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
- 臨床心理学の臨床心理学について
背景:
- ICD-11における多重人格障害の代わりとなるディソシエティブ・アイデンティティ・障害 (DID) は,異なる人格状態と記憶喪失によって特徴付けられています.
- 部分的なDIDは,自己体験と代理の不連続性があまり顕著ではない.
- DIDと部分的なDIDに関する経験的研究は限られており,しばしば方法論的に欠陥があります.
研究 の 目的:
- DIDと部分的なDIDに関する実証的研究をレビューし,議論する.
- これらの診断のための潜在的な臨床実践のアプローチを導き出します.
主な方法:
- 関連する出版物の叙事的なレビュー.
- 関連する研究に関するPubMedの検索.
主要な成果:
- DIDに関する経験的研究はほとんどなく,主要な方法論的制限があります.
- 部分的なDIDに対する堅固なデータは不足しています.
- DIDと複雑なPTSD (cPTSD) と境界性パーソナリティ障害 (BPD) のようなトラウマに関連した障害は,著しく重複している.
- 状態間の記憶喪失など,中央のDID構造は,利用可能なデータによって支持されていません.
- DIDの特定の治療法は,有効性の堅実な証拠がありません.
結論:
- DIDと部分的なDIDは,十分に検証されていない診断です.
- DIDまたは部分的なDIDの証拠に基づいた治療法はありません.
- 解離性症状は,cPTSDやBPDのようなよりよく研究された状態で対処することができます.
- DIDおよび部分的なDIDの診断は,代替説明を除外した後にのみ行われるべきである.
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