大人の緊急治療室におけるソーシャルワークの活用: スコーピング・レビュー
Christie McLaren1, Madeleine Goodwin2, Eleni Kirkikis2
1Department of Emergency Medicine, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. cmclaren@qmed.ca.
CJEM
|February 19, 2026
まとめ
大人の緊急治療室 (ED) のソーシャルワーカーは,患者をコミュニティのリソースに接続し,病院の使用を削減し,心理社会的サポートを提供します. 彼らの役割と実施は,各機関によって大きく異なっており,コミュニティーパートナーシップの改善の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- ソーシャルワーク ソーシャルワーク
- 緊急医療 緊急医療
- ヘルスケア・マネジメント・ヘルスケア・マネジメント
背景:
- 緊急治療室 (ED) は,社会的ニーズを含む,患者さんの複雑性が高まっています.
- ソーシャルワーカーは,これらのニーズに対処するインタープロフェッショナルチームに不可欠です.
- 大人のED患者におけるソーシャルワーカーの役割は,制度的に大きく異なる.
研究 の 目的:
- 大人の緊急診療所におけるソーシャルワークの役割に関する文献のスコーピングレビューを実施する.
- ソーシャルワーカーがED環境で果たす多様な機能を特定し,分類する.
- 成人EDにおけるソーシャルワークの実践の現状を理解する.
主な方法:
- MEDLINE,PsycINFO,Scopus,CINAHLを使って,広範な文献検索が行われました.
- このレビューは,ジョアナ・ブリッグス研究所のガイドラインとPRISMA-ScRの報告基準に従った.
- 含まれている研究は2004年以来出版され,成人病院EDにおけるソーシャルワーカーの直接的な患者ケア役割に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 様々な地理的文脈でソーシャルワークの役割を詳細に説明する27の記事が含まれています.
- 特定された主な役割は,患者のコミュニティのリソースへの接続,病院の使用の削減,心理社会的評価,重症病の患者への指導,退院計画,症例管理などです.
- 報告された人事モデルには,平日,延長時間,24時間/7日のカバーが含まれ,さまざまな運用アプローチを示しています.
結論:
- ソーシャルワーカーはEDにおいて多面的な役割を担っており,コミュニティのリソースの結びつき,病院利用の削減,心理社会的支援,重症病ナビゲーションを重視しています.
- ソーシャルワークサービスの実施,人材配置,利用には,異なる機関間で大きな違いがある.
- EDは,特に重症患者のために,ソーシャルワークの統合を強化し,より強いコミュニティサービス関係を育成する必要があります.
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