小児のエピスタキシーにおける輸血療法における実験室評価の動向とリスク要因

Andrew Shieh¹, Angela C Weyand², Lauren A Bohm³

¹Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open

|February 20, 2026

まとめ

実験室での評価と輸血は,小児のエピスタキスには非常診療室ではめったに使われません. しかし,長時間の出血,出血障害,鼻の介入などの要因は,これらの介入の可能性を高めます.

科学分野:

小児救急医療について
血液学ヘマトロジ
臨床病理学臨床病理学とは

背景:

エピスタキシスは,小児の緊急治療室 (ED) の一般的なプレゼンテーションです.
小児のエピスタキシーにおける実験室での評価と輸血療法に関する実践は,様々です.
これらの慣行を理解することは,患者のケアを最適化するために不可欠です.

研究の目的:

EDにおける小児性エピスタキシスのための実験室検査と輸血療法の利用を調査する.
この患者集団における実験室での評価と輸血に関連する要因を特定する.

主な方法:

2013年から2023年の間,エピスタキスを患った子供 (21歳未満) を対象に,単一センターの遡及研究が行われました.
人口統計,病歴,検査 (CBC,凝固) および治療に関するデータを抽出しました.
関連する要因を特定するために記述的分析が行われました.

主要な成果:

944人の子供のうち31.4%が検査を受け,主に全血球数 (CBC) と凝固検査を受けた.
輸血は患者の4.9%に与えられ,血液,血小板,および因子置換を含む.
高齢,白人,抗血小板薬の使用,鼻の手術,血管異常は,実験室検査と関連していた.
長期/再発性エピスタキシー,活発な出血,出血障害,腫瘍学的状態,抗凝固剤の使用,ED鼻腔介入は,検査と輸血の両方に関連していました.

結論:

実験室での評価と輸血は,小児のエピスタキシー症例ではめったに用いられない.
出血の重症度,基礎疾患,介入などの特定の臨床的要因は,これらの治療法の利用の増加を予測します.

キーワード:

救急救急局は,緊急救急救急を担当しています.エピスタクシス (epistaxis) とは血液学血液学血液学鼻から血が出る.小児科小児科輸血療法による輸血療法です.

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