"あなたは白人と言わねばならない":認識的曖昧さと民族的人種分類
Hye Jee Kim1, Aliya Saperstein1
1Stanford University.
まとめ
人種や民族に関するデータ収集は複雑です. この研究は,個人や面接者が"ホワイト"のアイデンティティを分類する際の曖昧さをどのようにナビゲートし,データの精度に影響を及ぼすかを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 社会学 社会学 社会学とは
- 定量社会科学 定量社会科学とは
- 人種と民族に関する研究
背景:
- 不平等の定量的な分析は,しばしば民族人種分類のプロセスを無視する.
- 分類基準の曖昧さは,米国で個人の人種や民族を誰が決めるのかという疑問を提起する.
研究 の 目的:
- 人種的・民族的アイデンティティ,特に"白人"アイデンティティの交渉を調査回答者と面接者との間で探求する.
- 民族人種的自己識別における認識的曖昧さを管理するために使用される戦略を分析する.
- この交渉プロセスが最終的に記録された人種/民族のコードにどのように影響するか理解する.
主な方法:
- カリフォルニア大学バークレー校のソーシャルネットワーク研究 (UCNets) の300件以上の調査インタビューの記録を分析したものです.
- 回答者および面接者によって使用される議論の戦略の質的検討.
- "ホワイト"アイデンティティの交渉と,曖昧な分類基準の扱いに焦点を当てます.
主要な成果:
- 直接的な"白人"の人種的識別から論説的距離を置く複数の戦略を特定した.
- 回答者や面接担当者が,機密分類の責任を引き延ばし,外部当局に訴えていることを観察した.
- 認識学的曖昧さと距離が類似の反応に対して不一致な人種/民族のコーディングにつながる可能性があることを実証した.
結論:
- 民族人種分類のプロセスは,社会的に構築され,交渉されます.
- 人種/民族のデータ収集における認識的曖昧さは,重要なコーディングの変動につながる可能性があります.
- 分類上の課題に対処するために,民族人種データの収集と使用を改善するための勧告が提供されています.
関連する概念動画
Surveys
14.3K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
14.3K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
77.8K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
77.8K
Stereotype Threat and Self-fulfilling Prophecies
28.1K
When we hold a stereotype about a person, we have expectations that he or she will fulfill that stereotype. A self-fulfilling prophecy is an expectation held by a person that alters his or her behavior in a way that tends to make it true. When we hold stereotypes about a person, we tend to treat the person according to our expectations. This treatment can influence the person to act according to our stereotypic expectations, thus confirming our stereotypic beliefs. Research by Rosenthal and...
28.1K
Position-effect Variegation
5.6K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
5.6K
Labeling Emotion
1.0K
Emotional labeling is a cognitive process that involves identifying and naming one's emotions, such as anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. It allows individuals to recognize and express their internal emotional states, a critical aspect of emotional regulation and communication. Labeling emotions requires more than mere recognition; it also involves drawing upon memory and contextual cues to understand the current situation and apply a corresponding emotional label. For instance, feeling...
1.0K
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
417
Adolescents from ethnic minority backgrounds face a multifaceted journey in forming their identities, shaped by the intersections of cultural expectations and personal exploration. For these adolescents, identity formation involves not only typical developmental challenges but also navigating the perceptions and attitudes of the majority culture. As they grow, adolescents in ethnic minority groups often become increasingly aware of stereotypes, social biases, and discrimination, all of which...
417


