関連する実験動画
Updated: Jul 5, 2026
08:06
Robotic Cochlear Implantation for Direct Cochlear Access
Published on: June 16, 2022
4.1K
成人のコクリア・インプラントへのアクセスと吸収の傾向 10年間の報告データ
Patrick D'Haese1,2,3, Paul Van de Heyning3,4,5, Javier Gavilan6
1MED-EL GmbH, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
Audiology research
|February 20, 2026
まとめ
高所得国でも,重度から深刻な難聴の成人の間では,コケアインプラント (CI) の利用率は低いままです. データによると,高所得国での利用率は20%未満で,世界全体ではわずか2.5%で,この聴覚回復技術へのアクセスの大きなギャップを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 聴覚学と耳鼻喉学について
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医療技術評価 医療技術評価について
背景:
- 重度から深刻度までの難聴は,多くの成人のための耳インプラント (CIs) へのアクセスを制限します.
- 過去10年にわたってICの摂取傾向に関する証拠は限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 過去10年間,大人のコクリア・インプラントの採用率の変化を評価する.
- 聴覚障害のある成人のCI利用に関する現在のエビデンスベースを評価する.
主な方法:
- PubMedの体系的な文献検索とマニュアル検索により,成人のCI摂取に関する15件の研究 (2000年-2025年) が特定されました.
- 2019年の摂取率は,グローバル・バード・オブ・ディジーズ・スタディのデータを用いて再計算されました.
主要な成果:
- コクリアインプラントの普及率に関する公表されたデータは稀で,方法論的なコンセンサスが欠けている.
- 2019年,ほとんどの高所得国では,深い難聴の場合は,ICの利用率は≤20%でした.
- 低所得国を含む世界のCI利用率は,わずか2.5%でした.
結論:
- 認知度が高まっているにも関わらず,コクリアインプラントの利用率は依然として低い,特に高所得国ではそうである.
- CIの摂取量は,重度から重度の難聴に対する補聴器の使用に著しく遅れています.
- CI受給者に関するデータ収集の改善は,世界的な健康報告基準を満たす上で極めて重要です.
関連する概念動画
01:23Drug Absorption Mechanism: Passive Membrane Transport
Passive transport is a method of drug absorption where small, lipid-soluble drugs can move across the cell membrane. This movement happens along the concentration gradient, which is a natural flow from higher to lower concentration areas. The speed at which the drug moves is directly related to its lipid–water partition coefficient. This means that the more a drug dissolves in lipids, the faster it diffuses or spreads throughout the body. It is important to note that most drugs are either weak...
01:17Drug Absorption: Overview
The process of drug absorption signifies the transition of a drug from its site of administration into the plasma. This process is influenced by various factors, including the route of administration, the anatomy of the absorption site, the mechanism of absorption, gut motility, and the drug's physicochemical properties.
When drugs are injected intravenously, they directly enter the systemic circulation. Alternatively, orally administered drugs navigate through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
When drugs are injected intravenously, they directly enter the systemic circulation. Alternatively, orally administered drugs navigate through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
01:16Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In vitro
In vitro experiments are crucial for understanding the transport and absorption of drugs through biological materials. These studies employ varied methods such as the diffusion cell method, the everted sac technique, and the everted ring technique.
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
The diffusion cell method uses a two-compartment cell, including a donor compartment with the drug solution, which simulates the environment where the drug is applied, and a receptor compartment with a buffer solution, which simulates the environment...
01:09Methods for Studying Drug Absorption: In situ
In situ experiments, such as the Doluisio method and Single-Pass Perfusion technique, provide critical insights into drug uptake by simulating in vivo conditions for drug absorption.
The Doluisio method involves perfusing a prepared segment of a rat's small intestine with a solution of radiolabeled drug and a non-absorbable marker. This helps to differentiate between absorbed and non-absorbed drug concentrations. The intestinal segment is connected at both ends using tubing and syringes,...
The Doluisio method involves perfusing a prepared segment of a rat's small intestine with a solution of radiolabeled drug and a non-absorbable marker. This helps to differentiate between absorbed and non-absorbed drug concentrations. The intestinal segment is connected at both ends using tubing and syringes,...
01:15Non-Oral Extravascular Drug Absorption Routes
Non-oral extravascular routes, which encompass sublingual, buccal, topical, intramuscular, and inhalation methods, primarily utilize passive diffusion to transport drugs into the systemic circulation. The absorption rates and effectiveness of these routes depend on the drug's physicochemical properties, as well as the patient's anatomical and pathophysiological state.
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more effectively...
Lipophilic drugs that are stable at salivary pH (6) and exhibit minimal binding to the oral mucosa are absorbed more effectively...
01:22Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption
As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...