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青春期と青年期における沈黙の理解:選択的沈黙に関する混合的方法の系統的レビュー
Rachel de Jong1, Anja van der Voort2, Wessel Aben3
1Department of Clinical Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands. r.de.jong@fsw.leidenuniv.nl.
European child & adolescent psychiatry
|February 20, 2026
まとめ
思春期および若年成人における選択性静音症 (SM) は,しばしば遅い発症と治療抵抗性で,ユニークな課題を提示します. トリートメントには,特異な特性や環境要因により,個別のアプローチが必要です.
科学分野:
- 心理学 心理学とは
- 発達心理学の心理学について
- 臨床心理学の臨床心理学について
背景:
- 選択的沈黙 (SM) は,複雑な不安障害である.
- 青少年および若年成人におけるMSを理解することは,効果的な介入に不可欠です.
- 現存する研究は,しばしば子供時代のプレゼンテーションに焦点を当てており,より古い年齢層への具体的な調査が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 選択的沈黙症と診断された青少年および若年成人の特徴を特定する.
- この人口集団の特定の治療ニーズを決定するために.
- この年齢層における選択的沈黙に影響を与える環境要因を理解する.
主な方法:
- ミックス・メソッドのシステマティック・レビューが行われました.
- APAのPsycINFOとMEDLINEのデータベースを2025年2月まで検索した.
- 現在SMと診断されている10歳から24歳の個人を対象とした記述的研究を含み,収束分離アプローチを用いてデータを合成した.
主要な成果:
- 40件の研究 (54人の参加者) は,異なる方法論的品質で,含有基準を満たした.
- 思春期および若年成人における選択的静音症は,幼児期のプレゼンテーションとは異なり,しばしば遅い発症と診断の遅延を含みます.
- 症状はしばしば適応によって強化され,治療抵抗性が増加します.
結論:
- 選択的無言症の青少年と若者は,特殊な治療を必要とするユニークな特徴を示します.
- 治療には,長期的な症状歴と耐性があるため,より大きなセラピストの忍耐と勤勉性が求められます.
- 環境適応は,この集団におけるMSの維持と治療の課題において重要な役割を果たします.
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