人種および民族による睡眠障害呼吸の特徴:表型,リスク,および臨床的影響: 第2部
Alcibiades J Rodriguez1, Omonigho M Bubu2, Ricardo S Osorio3
1NYU Langone Comprehensive Epilepsy Center-Sleep Center, New York, NY 10016, USA; Neurology Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Sleep medicine clinics
|February 20, 2026
まとめ
陽性呼吸道圧 (PAP) 適合性は,アフリカ系アメリカ人およびヒスパニック系の人々にとって低い. 誤解の解決とコミュニケーションの改善は,さまざまな集団における阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) の治療を改善するための鍵です.
科学分野:
- スリープ・メディシン (睡眠医学)
- 健康格差 研究 研究
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 陽性呼吸道圧 (PAP) の遵守は,白人個人に比べて,アフリカ系アメリカ人および潜在的にヒスパニック系の人では著しく低い.
- 代替的な睡眠無呼吸治療へのアクセスも,これらの人口集団内で制限されています.
- 阻害性睡眠時無呼吸症 (OSA) は,アフリカ系アメリカ人,ヒスパニック系アメリカ人,アジア系アメリカ人コミュニティの子供においてより高い流行を示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ポジティブ・エアウェイ・プレッシャー (PAP) 療法および睡眠時無呼吸症の他の治療オプションにおける既存の格差をレビューする.
- 異なる人種・民族の子供における阻害性睡眠無呼吸症 (OSA) のユニークな現象型,要因,および潜在的な介入を調査する.
主な方法:
- 睡眠時無呼吸症候群の治療への従順性と,多様な集団における罹患率に焦点を当てた研究の文献レビュー.
- 治療へのアクセスと治療結果の格差に寄与する要因の分析.
- 小児睡眠時無呼吸症の現象型と介入戦略の検討.
主要な成果:
- アフリカ系アメリカ人およびヒスパニック系の人々は,PAP療法への従順度が低いことを示しています.
- アフリカ系アメリカ人の子どもは,アデノトンジル切除術を少なく受けています.
- 人種・民族的少数民族は,睡眠時無呼吸症の効果的な治療へのアクセスに重大な障壁に直面しています.
結論:
- ターゲットを絞った介入は,睡眠とOSAに関する誤解に対処するために不可欠です.
- 改善された患者と医療従事者のコミュニケーションは,治療の遵守を改善するために不可欠です.
- 睡眠時無呼吸の格差を最小限に抑えるために,標準化され,文化的に敏感な調査と手順が必要である.
関連する概念動画
Sleep Apnea
618
Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
The condition is more prevalent among...
618
Other Pulmonary Disorders
1.7K
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
1.7K
Substance Use Disorders Affecting Sleep
468
Substance use disorders involve a pattern of using drugs more extensively than intended and continuing use despite harmful consequences. This includes legal substances like alcohol and nicotine, as well as illegal drugs. These disorders often involve both physical and psychological dependence, reflecting compulsive use of substances that significantly alter thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, contributing to a major public health issue.
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
Understanding the concepts of physical dependence,...
468
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection
976
Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
976
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination
95.6K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.6K
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants
29
The human genome is over 99.9% identical between individuals, yet genetic differences exist at millions of bases. The human genome contains approximately 3 million variant positions per individual, many of which are heterozygous, contributing to genetic diversity and individual traits. Genetic variations include single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), insertions, deletions, and copy number variations (CNVs).SNPs, the most common variation, involve single-base changes in DNA. These can be...
29


