養子家庭の青少年集団における精神疾患の発生率
Neemah Koroma1, Tia Tyson1, Nima Karodeh1
1Howard University College of Medicine, Washington, DC USA.
Journal of the National Medical Association
|February 20, 2026
まとめ
精神疾患の診断は,養子家庭に入っている子どもに多く見られ,その半数以上は1年以内に診断される. 高い割合の同時発症症や人種差異は,トラウマに配慮した公平な介入を必要とします.
科学分野:
- 児童・青少年精神医学は,
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
背景:
- 養子家庭の子どもたちは,高い水準の精神疾患に直面しています.
- この脆弱な集団における精神疾患併発症に関する大規模なデータは限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 託児所や施設に入ってから1年以内に発症する子どもの精神病診断の発生率とパターンを決定する.
- このコホートにおける人口格差と併発性の負担を調査する.
主な方法:
- トリネットXネットワーク (2003年−2023年) の非識別された電子医療記録を用いた遡及的なコホート研究.
- ICD-10-CMコードを用いて,養子家庭や施設に収容された米国の95,764人の子どもを特定した.
- 分析された人口統計的特徴,精神病診断,および併合性疾患のパターン.
主要な成果:
- 児童の半数以上 (56%) は,入学後1年以内に少なくとも1つの精神病診断を受けた.
- 一般的な診断には,行動/感情障害 (33%),ADHD (21%),不安障害 (25%),PTSD (12%) が含まれていた.
- ADHDと不安 (12%) とPTSDと気分障害 (8%) といった有意な共発生が観察されました.
結論:
- 精神病の罹患率は,里親の介護を受ける子供たちの間で広く,複雑である.
- 早期の,トラウマに配慮した,文化に敏感な精神保健の介入が緊急に必要である.
- 人種間の格差に対処し,児童福祉システムにおける調整された,公平性重視のアプローチを促進することは,極めて重要です.
関連する概念動画
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
1.3K
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) serves as the primary classification system for mental health disorders, providing standardized diagnostic criteria for clinicians and researchers. First published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in 1952, the DSM has undergone several revisions to reflect evolving psychiatric understanding. The fifth edition, DSM-5, released in 2013, introduced key updates that expanded diagnostic categories and modified diagnostic...
1.3K
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
696
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
696
Anorexia Nervosa
1.5K
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
1.5K
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
766
Depressive disorders result from a complex interplay of biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors, each contributing uniquely to the development and persistence of the condition. Understanding these factors provides critical insight into the multifaceted nature of depression.
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
766
Introduction to Psychological Disorders
1.4K
Abnormal behavior, often referred to as mental illness, results from changes in brain function that influence thought patterns, behaviors, and social interactions. Psychologists and psychiatrists typically assess abnormal behavior using three primary criteria: deviance, maladaptation, and personal distress, particularly when these traits persist over long periods.
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
Deviant Behavior
Deviance in behavior refers to actions or thought patterns that significantly diverge from societal norms or...
1.4K
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
1.1K
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
1.1K


