人間,茂み,火災は,絶滅の危機に瀕している狼の集団に影響を及ぼしています
Dário Hipólito1,2, Ana M Figueiredo3, Eduardo Ferreira3
1CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal. dhipolito@ua.pt.
Scientific reports
|February 20, 2026
まとめ
人間の活動,特に人間の足跡指数 (HFI) と火災は,ポルトガルにおけるイベリア狼 (Canis lupus signatus) の発生に大きく影響している. 保護の取り組みは,種の生存と人間とオオカミの共存のためのこれらの人為的要因に対処する必要があります.
科学分野:
- 保護生物学の保護生物学
- 野生生物の生態学 野生生物の生態学
- 人間と野生動物の相互作用
背景:
- イベリアのオオカミ (Canis lupus signatus) は,世界の変化,人間の活動,迫害によってポルトガルで絶滅の危機に直面しています.
- 環境的および人為的な要因を理解することは,人間が支配する風景におけるイベリアンオオカミの個体数を保全するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- ポルトガル中部におけるイベリアンオオカミの発生に,景観の特徴,人為的要因,および食糧の利用可能性が及ぼす影響を評価する.
- オオカミの分布に影響を与える重要な変数を特定し,効果的な保全戦略を策定する.
主な方法:
- ポルトガル中部の月間オオカミの排泄物調査からの長期データベース (2011-2021) を利用しました.
- 2x2 kmのグリッドセルでオオカミの発生を分析するために一般化された線形混合モデルを適用しました.
- AICcを使用して最良のモデルを選択し,R2とベータ重量を使用して変数の重要性を決定しました.
主要な成果:
- 人為的な要因,特にヒトの足跡指数 (HFI) と累積的な燃焼面積は,狼の発生に著しく悪影響を及ぼしました.
- 景観の特徴は,オオカミが丘の上を好み,農業用地を避けることがある程度の効果を示したが,統計的に有意ではない.
- 食料資源の利用可能性は,狼の発生に有意な影響を及ぼさなかった.
結論:
- 人為的な圧力はイベリアンオオカミの分布の主な原動力であり,重要な人間とオオカミの衝突を強調しています.
- 火災などの人間の影響を減らすことは,野生の爪類の個体数を増やし,食料の利用率を増やし,家畜の略奪を減らすことができます.
- 人間とオオカミの衝突を緩和する保全戦略の実施は,種の回復と共存を促進するために不可欠です.
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