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関連する概念動画

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

3.3K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
3.3K
Quantifying Heat02:46

Quantifying Heat

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Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a higher temperature. When the...
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Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation02:39

Phase Transitions: Vaporization and Condensation

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The physical form of a substance changes on changing its temperature. For example, raising the temperature of a liquid causes the liquid to vaporize (convert into vapor). The process is called vaporization—a surface phenomenon. Vaporization occurs when the thermal motion of the molecules overcome the intermolecular forces, and the molecules (at the surface) escape into the gaseous state. When a liquid vaporizes in a closed container, gas molecules cannot escape. As these gas phase molecules...
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Path Between Thermodynamics States01:21

Path Between Thermodynamics States

4.2K
Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:
4.2K
Mechanism of heat transfer01:19

Mechanism of heat transfer

2.0K
Understanding heat transfer mechanisms is essential for understanding how our bodies maintain balance in different environmental conditions. When the environment is thermoneutral, the body is in a state of balance, neither using nor releasing energy to maintain its core temperature. However, when the environment is not thermoneutral, the body employs four heat transfer mechanisms to maintain homeostasis: conduction, convection, evaporation, and radiation. These mechanisms facilitate heat...
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Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II01:20

Mechanisms of Heat Transfer II

4.7K
In convection, thermal energy is carried by the large-scale flow of matter. Ocean currents and large-scale atmospheric circulation, which result from the buoyancy of warm air and water, transfer hot air from the tropics toward the poles and cold air from the poles toward the tropics. The Earth’s rotation interacts with those flows, causing the observed eastward flow of air in the temperate zones. Convection dominates heat transfer by air, and the amount of available space for the airflow...
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

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多部分量子システムにおける一貫性による熱流の逆転

Keyi Huang1, Qi Zhang2, Xiangjing Liu3

  • 1Southern University of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Quantum Functional Materials, and Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Quantum Science, Shenzhen 518055, China.

Physical review letters
|February 22, 2026
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

多党派スピンシステムにおける量子コヘランスは,熱流を逆転させ,古典的熱力学に挑戦することができます. 局所量子特性は,エネルギー転送の方向と大きさの正確な制御を可能にします.

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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
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Generation and Coherent Control of Pulsed Quantum Frequency Combs
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科学分野:

  • 量子熱力学とは,量子熱力学である.
  • 量子情報科学とは,量子情報科学である.
  • 凝縮物質物理学 凝縮物質物理学

背景:

  • 熱力学の第二法則は,伝統的に,熱から冷へと自発的な熱の流れを規定しています.
  • 最近の研究では,量子相関がこの流れを逆転させ,古典的な期待に挑戦できることを示しています.
  • 内部量子状態だけでなく,環境的な相関関係も,熱流制御のために探求されています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 内部量子相合性を用いて熱流の逆転を実験的に実証する.
  • エネルギー転送のための多党派スピンシステムにおける一貫性の役割を調査する.
  • 局所量子特性を通じて熱流の方向と大きさを制御する.

主な方法:

  • 内部量子相関性を持つ多党派スピンシステムを利用する.
  • シミュレーションのためにカスケード相互作用による衝突モデルを使用します.
  • エネルギー伝送に対するコヒーレンス強度と相の影響を分析する.

主要な成果:

  • 内部量子相関は,環境的な相関関係なしに熱流を逆転させることが示されました.
  • 一貫性の強度と相が,エネルギー転送の方向と大きさを決定することが判明しました.
  • 熱流の正確な制御は,局所的な量子性質のみを使用して達成されました.

結論:

  • 内部量子相関は,熱の流れを逆転させるための実行可能なメカニズムです.
  • 量子性質は,熱力学的プロセスを操作するための新しい方法を提供します.
  • この研究は,量子レベルでエネルギー伝送を制御する道を開く.