睡眠診断を有する小児プライマリケア患者における睡眠情報を抽出するためのルールベース自然言語処理アルゴリズムの開発
Joseph W Sirrianni1, Ariana Calloway1, Syed-Amad Hussain1,2
1Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.
Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society
|February 23, 2026
まとめ
新しい低リソース睡眠語彙は、自然言語処理(NLP)を用いて臨床記録における小児の睡眠問題を効果的に特定する。このツールは、さらなるレビューのために臨床記録を自動的にフラグ付けするのに役立ち、睡眠健康分析を改善する。
科学分野:
- 計算言語学;小児健康情報学;睡眠医学
背景:
- 臨床記録には、貴重な多次元的かつトランス診断的な情報が含まれています。構造化されていない小児記録から睡眠障害などの特定の健康情報を抽出することは困難です。既存の方法は、小児睡眠健康における広範な適用に関する特異性やリソースが不足している可能性があります。
研究 の 目的:
- 臨床記録における小児の睡眠関連の言及を自動的に特定するための、新しい低リソース睡眠語彙を開発および評価すること。睡眠健康上の懸念に対する小児臨床文書の分析効率を改善すること。
主な方法:
- 医学的オントロジー、臨床医へのインタビュー、および臨床記録の分析を使用して、小児睡眠語彙を作成しました。この語彙には、専門用語、略語、および一般的な言葉遣いが含まれています。自然言語処理(NLP)を使用して、臨床記録に語彙を適用しました。
主要な成果:
- この語彙は、小児の睡眠関連の言及を含む臨床記録の特定において、高い再現率(0.992)と適合率(0.852)を達成しました。偽陽性は主に、睡眠問題を明確に否定したり、無関係なトピックを議論したりする記録に関連していました。特定された睡眠関連テキストスパンの77.1%には、少なくとも1つの語彙キーワードが含まれていました。
結論:
- 開発された低リソース睡眠語彙は、記録レベルでの小児睡眠の言及を特定する上で優れたパフォーマンスを示します。高度なモデルまたは手動レビューによるさらなる分析をガイドする臨床記録の初期スクリーニングのための展開可能なソリューションを提供します。このアプローチは、小児臨床記録から重要な睡眠健康情報を取得する能力を高めます。
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