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下顎智歯抜歯術後の術後疼痛および腫脹に対する鼻腔内デクスメデトミジン:比較研究
Ramadevi Matta1, Divya Puvvada2, Shivaji Raju Uddarraju2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, KLR Lenora Institute of Dental Sciences, Rajanagaram, India.
Annals of maxillofacial surgery
|February 23, 2026
まとめ
鼻腔内デクスメデトミジン(IN DEX)は、第三 Моляр手術後の疼痛を効果的に軽減し、鎮静を提供しました。この非侵襲的な方法は、術後の不快感と不安の管理に安全な選択肢を提供します。
科学分野:
- 口腔外科
- 薬理学
- 疼痛管理
背景:
- 第三 Моляр抜歯は一般的に術後の疼痛、腫脹、および開口障害を引き起こします。
- アルファ2アドレナリン作動薬であるデクスメデトミジンは、鎮痛および鎮静作用を有します。
- 口腔外科におけるデクスメデトミジンの鼻腔内投与は、十分に研究されていません。
研究 の 目的:
- 第三 Моляр手術における術後疼痛、腫脹、および鎮静の管理に対する鼻腔内デクスメデトミジン(IN DEX)の有効性と安全性を評価すること。
- 第三 Моляр手術におけるIN DEX投与後の血行動態パラメータを評価すること。
主な方法:
- 無作為化二重盲検分割口内対照試験を実施しました。
- 48人の患者が、両側下顎智歯抜歯中に、片側にIN DEX(1 μg/kg)、もう片側にプラセボを投与されました。
- 術後に疼痛、腫脹、鎮静、および血行動態パラメータを評価しました。
主要な成果:
- IN DEXは、手術後6、12、24時間(P < 0.001)の疼痛スコアを有意に低下させました。
- ピーク鎮静は40分で観察され、呼吸抑制はありませんでした。
- 一過性の低血圧および徐脈が発生しましたが、管理可能でした。
- 腫脹の軽減は有意ではありませんでした。
結論:
- IN DEXは、第三 Моляр手術における短期的な疼痛および鎮静管理のための安全で効果的な非侵襲的補助療法です。
- 特に中等度から重度の不安を持つ患者に有益です。
- IN DEXは、口腔外科における多角的鎮痛戦略の一部として有望視されています。
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