霊長類2種における前頭前野コネクトームとその精神病理学的ネットワークの発達に関する進化的視点：トレーシングおよびイメージング研究による関連付け

科学分野:

• Neuroscience
• Comparative Anatomy
• Brain Evolution

背景:

• The human prefrontal cortex (PFC) is a recent evolutionary addition.
• The common marmoset is a valuable model for studying human PFC due to shared ancestry.
• Previous research identified psychopathological sub-networks in major depressive disorder (MDD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

研究 の 目的:

• To compare diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging fiber tracking (DTI-FT) in humans with invasive viral tract tracing (AAVaTT) in marmosets.
• To reveal interspecies anatomical and functional distinctions in PFC connectivity.
• To explore the effects of these distinctions on dysfunctional networks relevant to MDD and OCD.

主な方法:

• Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging fiber tracking (DTI-FT) was applied to 1000 humans.
• Invasive viral tract tracing (AAVaTT) was applied to 52 common marmosets.
• Comparative analysis of PFC connectivity models between species.

主要な成果:

• Identified interspecies anatomical and functional differences in PFC connectivity.
• Highlighted distinctions in cortico-subcortical connections relevant to psychiatric disorders.
• Provided a comparative framework for understanding PFC organization.

結論:

• DTI-FT in humans and AAVaTT in marmosets offer complementary insights into PFC connectivity.
• Interspecies differences in PFC networks may contribute to the pathophysiology of MDD and OCD.
• This comparative approach advances our understanding of brain evolution and disorder-related neural circuits.