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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

頭蓋顔面形成不全と困難な気道

Kathleen Huynh¹, Karina Gritsenko², Kathryn Breidenbach²

¹Anesthesiology Riverside University Health System.

Orthopedic reviews

|February 23, 2026

要旨

Introduction:

Craniofacial hyperplasia is a disorder where the face and head do not fully develop. This leads to difficulties in airway management in those undergoing general anesthesia (GA), requiring consideration in anesthetic planning with GA and intubation versus approaches with regional/spinal anesthesia.

Case Presentation:

A 54-year-old male (45 kg, 172.7 cm) presented for a penile implant insertion for severe erectile dysfunction following radical prostatectomy. He was classified as ASA physical status class III.

Management And Outcomes:

Pertinent medical history included craniofacial hypoplasia from childhood surgical interventions and radiation for sinus cancer (rhabdomyosarcoma), moderate mitral regurgitation, mild tricuspid regurgitation, pulmonary hypertension, recurrent esophageal strictures, and anemia. Spinal anesthesia was selected over GA. Airway complications were avoided, and cardiopulmonary stability was preserved while maintaining adequate analgesic coverage.

Conclusion:

Craniofacial hypoplasia patients require individualized anesthesia planning that anticipates complications. Spinal anesthesia can be used in these patients to avoid airway and hemodynamic complications.

キーワード:

気道症例報告頭蓋顔面形成不全疼痛脊椎麻酔

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Author Spotlight: Three-Dimensional Cephalometric Landmark Annotation Demonstration on Human Cone Beam Computed Tomography Scans

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