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レラプシング多軟骨炎におけるダプソンの毒性:メトヘモグロビン血症および併発性溶血性貧血
José Nuno Magalhães1, Ana Monteiro2
1Medicina, Unidade Local de Saúde de Santo António, Porto, PRT.
Cureus
|February 23, 2026
まとめ
レラプシング多軟骨炎に使用されるダプソンは、メトヘモグロビン血症および溶血を引き起こす可能性があります。患者はこれらの問題に遭遇し、「飽和ギャップ」によって診断され、メチレンブルー投与とダプソン中止後に改善しました。
科学分野:
- リウマチ学
- 血液学
- 薬理学
背景:
- レラプシング多軟骨炎(RP)は、まれな免疫介在性軟骨疾患です。
- ダプソンはRPのステロイド節約薬ですが、メトヘモグロビン血症および溶血のリスクを伴います。
- ダプソンの酸化代謝物がこれらの有害作用に関与していると考えられています。
研究 の 目的:
- RP患者におけるダプソン誘発性メトヘモグロビン血症および酸化溶血の症例報告。
- これらの状態を特定する上での「飽和ギャップ」の診断的有用性を強調すること。
- 説明不能な低酸素症または貧血の患者において、ダプソンの毒性を考慮することの重要性を強調すること。
主な方法:
- 生検で確認されたRPの70歳男性の症例報告。
- ダプソン療法中の進行性の呼吸困難およびチアノーゼの臨床像。
- 動脈血液ガス分析(co-oximetry)および末梢血塗抹標本分析を含む診断ワークアップ。
主要な成果:
- 患者はメトヘモグロビン血症を発症し、「飽和ギャップ」(動脈酸素分圧は保たれたまま脈拍オキシメトリが低い)によって確認された。
- メチレンブルー投与により、急速な臨床的改善が見られた。
- 酸化溶血と一致する貧血も、ダプソン中止後に解決した。
結論:
- ダプソンは、RP患者において生命を脅かすメトヘモグロビン血症および酸化溶血を誘発する可能性があります。
- 「飽和ギャップ」は、ダプソン関連のジスヘモグロビン血症の重要な診断的手がかりです。
- 患者の回復および再発防止のためには、迅速な認識とダプソンの中止が不可欠です。
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