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関連する概念動画

Instantaneous Power01:22

Instantaneous Power

973
Instantaneous power is important in electrical circuits, mainly when dealing with sinusoidal input. Instantaneous power, denoted as p(t), results from the multiplication of the instantaneous voltage (v(t)) across an element and the instantaneous current (i(t)) flowing through it. This relationship adheres to the passive sign convention and represents a fundamental principle in electrical engineering.
973
Instantaneous Velocity - II01:10

Instantaneous Velocity - II

14.4K
Instantaneous velocity is the quantity that measures how fast an object is moving along its path. In other words, the instantaneous velocity of an object is the limit of the average velocity as the elapsed time approaches zero, or the derivative of displacement with respect to time. Like average velocity, the instantaneous velocity is a vector with the dimensions of length per unit time. Instantaneous velocity can have both positive and negative values. The instantaneous velocity can be...
14.4K
Instantaneous Acceleration01:16

Instantaneous Acceleration

24.0K
Acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, but it is not always in the direction of motion. When an object slows down, its acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. Although commonly referred to as deceleration, this causes confusion in our analysis as deceleration is not a vector, and does not point to a specific direction with respect to a coordinate system. Therefore, the term deceleration is not used. For example, when a subway train slows down, it...
24.0K
Impulse-Momentum Theorem00:49

Impulse-Momentum Theorem

19.5K
The total change in the motion of an object is proportional to the total force vector acting on it and the time over which it acts. This product is called impulse, a vector quantity with the same direction as the total force acting on the object.
By writing Newton's second law of motion in terms of the momentum of an object and the external force acting on it, and simultaneously using the definition of the impulse vector, it can be shown that the total impulse on an object is equal to its...
19.5K
Impedances and Admittance01:23

Impedances and Admittance

1.9K
In the realm of AC circuits, passive circuit elements like resistors, inductors, and capacitors take on a different character when characterized by phasor voltage and current. Their behavior is expressed through impedance, a vital concept in AC circuit analysis.
Impedance is a measure of resistance to sinusoidal current flow in an AC circuit. Unlike their behavior in DC circuits, where inductors appear as short circuits and capacitors as open circuits, the behavior of these components in AC...
1.9K
Instantaneous Velocity - I01:15

Instantaneous Velocity - I

30.6K
The average velocity during a time interval cannot tell us how fast or in what direction a particle is moving at any given time during the interval. To calculate this, it is important to know the instantaneous velocity, which is the velocity at a specific instant of time or at a specific point along the path. Instantaneous velocity is the quantity that measures how fast an object is moving along its path. In other words, the instantaneous velocity vx of an object is the limit of the average...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
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Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

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非断熱型ImFインスタントン反応率理論

Rhiannon A Zarotiadis1,2,3, Jeremy O Richardson1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

The Journal of chemical physics
|February 24, 2026
PubMed
まとめ

反応における核量子効果に不可欠な半古典インスタントン理論が改良された。新しい非断熱型理論は、トンネル効果と高温極限を正確に捉え、以前の方法よりも優れている。

科学分野:

  • 量子化学
  • 化学動力学
  • 理論化学

背景:

  • 半古典インスタントン理論は、化学反応におけるトンネル効果のような核量子効果をモデル化する。
  • 既存の非断熱型反応率理論は、しばしば厳密性の低いImFの前提に依存しており、重要な極限を橋渡しできない。
  • 最近の研究では、非断熱型反応率理論のための厳密なフラックス相関関数フレームワークが確立された。

研究 の 目的:

  • 以前のImFベースの非断熱型反応率理論を批判的に検討する。
  • 既存の方法の限界に対処する新しい非断熱型ImF反応率理論を開発する。
  • 新しい理論の異なる結合および温度レジームにおける性能を分析する。

主な方法:

  • 既存のImFベースの半古典インスタントン理論の分析。
  • 新しい非断熱型ImF反応率理論の開発。
  • 非断熱型ImF反応率理論の開発。
  • 深いトンネルおよび高温極限を含む、非対称および多次元モデルに対する新しい理論のテスト。

主要な成果:

  • 以前のImFベースの理論、平均場リングポリマーインスタントン理論を含む、は、ボルン・オッペンハーマー極限とゴールデンルール極限を不正確に捉えていた。新たに開発された非断熱型ImF理論は、深いトンネル現象に対して信頼性の高い結果を示す。
キーワード:
非断熱型インスタントン理論核量子効果化学反応半古典理論トンネル効果反応率理論

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Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
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Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving
11:21

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

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Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization
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Measurement of Ultrafast Vibrational Coherences in Polyatomic Radical Cations with Strong-Field Adiabatic Ionization

Published on: August 6, 2018

7.4K
Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−
06:53

Photoelectron Imaging of Anions Illustrated by 310 Nm Detachment of F−

Published on: July 27, 2018

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  • 新しいモデルの高温反応率理論の側面については限界が観察された。

    • 結論:

    • 以前のImFベースの非断熱型反応率理論は、重要な理論的極限を橋渡しする上で重大な欠点がある。
    • 新しい非断熱型ImF理論は、特に深いトンネル現象において改善を提供する。
    • 高温非断熱型反応率理論とその分子動力学への応用における限界に対処するには、さらなる開発が必要である。