アルコール使用は外傷患者における予期せぬ入院イベントと関連がある

Alcohol use is highly prevalent among trauma patients in the United States. While alcohol use has been documented as a precursor to traumatic injuries, its role during the hospital stay remains understudied. We examine the relationship between alcohol use and unplanned hospital events.

Data from the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program for the year 2023 were analyzed. Multivariable logistic regressions and Pearson chi-square tests were used to model unplanned hospital events. Alcohol use was measured in three ways: as a comorbidity of alcohol use disorder (AUD), quantitatively via admission blood alcohol level (BAL), and as a diagnostic code for alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) comorbidity.

Patients with AUD were more likely to require unplanned trips to the operating room (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.54), unplanned intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (aOR 2.14), and unplanned intubations (aOR 2.51). Pearson chi-square tests showed AWS having strong associations with unplanned trips to the operating room (χ² = 557.3), unplanned ICU admissions (χ² = 6700.0), and unplanned intubations (χ² = 5900.0). A trauma admission BAL of 0.08 or higher showed small effects on unplanned events from "good" or "very good" models (unplanned trip to operating room aOR: 1.04; unplanned ICU admission aOR: 1.06, and unplanned intubation aOR: 1.15).

Alcohol use in trauma patients, as indicated by admission BAL, AUD, or AWS, is associated with unplanned hospital events. Recognizing these associations and implementing appropriate screening protocols may help improve clinical outcomes in this vulnerable population.