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エクアドルのハイアンデス川における発がん性曝露の重要な経路
Mercy Lucila Ilbay Yupa1, Rachele Piovanelli Tiziano2, Victor García-Mora3
1Water Resources Management Group, Technical University of Cotopaxi, Av. Simón Rodríguez s/n Barrio El Ejido Sector San Felipe, 050104, Latacunga, Ecuador.
The Science of the total environment
|February 24, 2026
まとめ
アンデス川の汚染は健康リスクをもたらし、総石油炭化水素と糞便性大腸菌群が基準値を超えている。カドミウムなどの重金属による非発がん性および発がん性リスクは子供に不均衡に影響しており、的を絞った水管理が必要である。
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 公衆衛生
- 生態毒性学
背景:
- アンデス川は、人間の健康に影響を与える重大な汚染問題に直面しています。
- 高地の環境リスクを理解するためには、水質評価が不可欠です。
研究 の 目的:
- エクアドルの22のハイアンデス川の水質を評価すること。
- 季節性、水の利用、年齢層を考慮した非発がん性および発がん性健康リスクを評価すること。
主な方法:
- 29の物理化学的および微生物学的パラメータの分析。
- CCME水質指数(WQI)、重金属汚染指数(HPI)、重金属評価指数(HEI)の適用。
- 摂取および皮膚接触に関する人間の健康リスク(ハザード指数、ハザード指数、がんリスク)の推定。
主要な成果:
- 総石油炭化水素、糞便性大腸菌群、アルミニウムが全河川の100%で基準値を超えました。
- カドミウム、鉄、濁度も有意な超過を示し、特に乾季に顕著でした。
- 非発がん性リスク(ハザード指数 > 1)は全河川の46%に影響し、カドミウムが主な要因であり、子供に不均衡に影響しました。
- カドミウムによるがんリスクは全河川で閾値を超え、特に乾季の子供にとって深刻でした。
結論:
- アンデス川の水質は悪化しており、特に子供にとって重大な健康リスクをもたらしています。
- 季節変動とカドミウムのような特定の汚染物質は、的を絞った水管理戦略を必要とします。
- 汚染された河川環境における効果的な公衆衛生保護のためには、年齢別および利用別リスク評価が不可欠です。
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