小児の便失禁に対する経皮仙骨神経刺激療法
Román Néstor Bigliardi1, Rosa Adriana Oviedo1, Marcela Mariano2
1Servicio de Gastroenterología Pediátrica, Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, El Palomar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
|February 24, 2026
まとめ
経皮仙骨神経刺激療法(tSNS)は、神経管閉鎖不全、肛門直腸奇形、難治性機能性便秘を有する小児の便失禁および便秘を効果的に改善しました。治療後、肛門直腸圧測定データおよび排便コントロールに有意な改善が認められました。
科学分野:
- 小児外科
- 泌尿器科
- 消化器内科
背景:
- 便失禁(FI)および便秘は、神経管閉鎖不全(MMC)、肛門直腸奇形(ARM)、難治性機能性便秘(RFC)を有する小児にとって、重大な課題です。
- 従来の治療法では、これらの複雑な小児集団に対して最適とは言えない結果が得られることがよくあります。
研究 の 目的:
- 難治性便秘および便失禁を有する小児患者の管理における経皮仙骨神経刺激療法(tSNS)の有効性を評価すること。
- tSNS治療後の肛門直腸圧測定パラメータの変化を評価すること。
主な方法:
- FIを有する42人の小児患者を対象とした前向き、準実験的コホート研究。
- 週1回30分間のtSNSセッションを12回実施し、治療前後に肛門直腸圧測定を実施しました。
主要な成果:
- tSNS後、患者の57%が完全な排便コントロールを達成し、さらに26%が部分的な排便コントロールを達成しました。
- 肛門直腸圧測定において、安静時圧、括約筋圧、感覚機能の有意な改善が認められました。
- 治療により、下剤使用量が31.4%減少し、尿失禁が32%の患者で改善しました。
結論:
- tSNSは、特にMMCおよびARMのような基礎疾患を有する小児において、便秘および便失禁を改善するための効果的な治療選択肢です。
- この治療法は、排便コントロールの改善と相関して、肛門直腸圧測定、特に感覚機能に良い影響を与えます。
- 尿失禁の改善が観察されたことは、この患者コホートにおけるtSNSのより広範な利点を示唆しています。
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