新規食品およびその持続可能な応用を生産するための精密発酵プロセス
Samuel Ayofemi Olalekan Adeyeye1, A Surendra Babu2, Anukshya Subudhi2
1Department of Food Technology, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Journal of basic microbiology
|February 24, 2026
まとめ
精密発酵は、成分の生合成を通じて持続可能な食品生産を提供する。このレビューは、スケーラブルで環境に優しい食品成分のための微生物設計、バイオプロセス、経済学、規制を統合する。
科学分野:
- 食品科学技術;バイオテクノロジー;持続可能な農業
背景:
- 精密発酵は、複雑な食品成分の制御された生合成を可能にする。
- 従来の農業は、資源集約性と生産性の課題に直面している。
- 既存のレビューは、製品または生物に焦点を当てることが多い。
研究 の 目的:
- 精密発酵のシステムレベルの合成を提供すること。
- 微生物設計、バイオプロセス工学、技術経済的実行可能性、環境パフォーマンス、および規制の準備を統合すること。
- 以前の製品または生物に焦点を当てたレビューのギャップに対処すること。
主な方法:
- PRISMAガイドライン(2010-2025)に従った体系的な文献レビュー。
- Scopus、Web of Science、PubMed、Google Scholarで検索を実施。
- 37の選択された研究(ラボ、産業、技術経済、LCA)の定性的な合成。
主要な成果:
- タンパク質、酵素、フレーバー、微量栄養素の生産における微生物宿主、代謝工学、発酵制御の進歩を強調する。
- ライフサイクルおよび技術経済分析は、株の選択とプロセス設計が持続可能性と実行可能性に影響を与えることを示唆している。
- 精密発酵は、従来のシステムと比較して、一般的に土地/水を少なく使用し、GHG排出量が少なく、一貫した製品を生産する。
結論:
- 精密発酵は気候変動に強い食料システムをサポートするが、コスト、スケールアップ、ダウンストリーム処理、消費者の受容、規制の課題に直面している。
- 将来の進歩は、合成生物学、AI、再生可能エネルギー、および調和のとれた規制の枠組みにかかっている。
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