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ICESat-2衛星高度計を用いた活動中の氷底湖における有効圧の推定
Aaron Stubblefield1,2, Aleah Nicholson Sommers3, Colin Meyer3
1Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
まとめ
研究者らは、衛星高度計を用いて南極氷床下の有効圧を推定する新しい手法を開発した。この技術は、水の流れと氷の滑りを理解するのに役立ち、通常は浮力に近いが、時には氷の引張強度に達する圧力を明らかにする。
科学分野:
- 氷河学;地球物理学;水文学
背景:
- 有効圧(氷圧と水圧)は、氷床と基盤の界面における氷の流れと滑りを支配する。;氷底の直接測定はまれであり、氷底水文学モデルは間接的な定量化に依存している。;活動中の氷底湖は、表面標高の変化を通じて有効圧を制約するユニークな機会を提供する。
研究 の 目的:
- 衛星高度計データを用いた氷底有効圧推定のための新しい方法論を開発し、適用すること。;氷底湖上の表面標高異常と氷底水量の変化を関連付けること。;氷底水文学モデルと氷河力学に新たな制約を提供すること。
主な方法:
- 既存の氷底湖有効圧理論と高度計ベースの逆問題を統合した。;表面標高の変化と氷底水量の変動を関連付けた。;南極の氷底湖におけるICESat-2衛星高度計データにこの方法を適用した。
主要な成果:
- 有効圧は通常、過負荷圧の小さな割合(約10 kPa)を表す。;より大きな有効圧(時には100 kPaを超える)が観察され、氷の引張強度に近づいた。;これらの偏差は、高い氷粘性期間と関連していた。
結論:
- 開発された方法は、活動中の氷底湖上の有効圧をうまく推定する。;この発見は、氷底水文学モデルの改良に不可欠なデータを提供する。;この結果は、南極における氷河と基盤の相互作用と力学に関する新たな洞察を提供する。
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