小児の易刺激性と不安における顔感情ラベリングの感度とバイアス：再現と小児への拡張

Katherine Y Kim¹, Joel Stoddard², Sofia I Cárdenas¹

¹National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

JAACAP open

|February 25, 2026

まとめ

この研究では、認知的バイアスと小児期の不安または易刺激性の間に直接的な関連は見られませんでした。しかし、若者の易刺激性は、怒りの表情を見るときに運動野の活動が高まることと関連していました。

科学分野:

神経科学
発達心理学
認知科学

背景:

小児期の不安と易刺激性は一般的であり、しばしば併存し、若者に大きな影響を与えます。
これらの症状を持つ個人では、曖昧な顔の感情の解釈にバイアスがかかっていることがよくあります。
以前の研究では、感情解釈バイアスとこれらの状態との関連が示唆されています。

主な方法:

横断的機能的磁気共鳴画像法（fMRI）研究が実施されました。
ドリフト拡散モデルを使用して、曖昧な顔の感情（幸せ-怒り）に関する決定の知覚的および認知的成分を分析しました。
参加者には、破壊的気分調節障害（DMDD）、ADHD、不安障害の診断を受けた若者、または現在診断を受けていない若者が含まれました。

結論:

怒りの表情に対する運動野の関与の増加は、接近行動の亢進を示唆している可能性があります。
以前の研究結果の再現は、それらの堅牢性に対する信頼性を高めます。
認知的バイアスは、小児期の不安と易刺激性の根底にある主要な共通メカニズムではないかもしれませんが、怒りに対する神経反応は関連性があります。

キーワード:

小児および青年計算モデリング fMRI 顔感情ラベリング気分および不安障害

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