冠動脈疾患診断画像における世界的な放射線量
Andrew J Einstein1,2, Michelle C Williams3, Jonathan R Weir-McCall4
1Seymour, Paul and Gloria Milstein Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
JAMA
|February 25, 2026
まとめ
冠動脈疾患(CAD)の診断画像検査における放射線量は、モダリティや地域によって世界的に大きく異なる。患者の放射線被ばくを標準化し、特に低所得国での削減に向けた努力が必要である。
科学分野:
- 循環器病学
- 放射線医学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 冠動脈疾患(CAD)の診断検査の世界的な増加。
- 一般的な画像診断モダリティは患者を電離放射線に曝露させる。
- 非侵襲的CAD検査からの世界的な放射線量を評価する必要性。
研究 の 目的:
- 非侵襲的CAD診断検査を受けた患者の、世界的な放射線量を調査すること。
- 異なる画像診断モダリティおよび地理的地域間での実効線量のばらつきを特定すること。
- 確立されたガイドラインと比較して放射線量を比較すること。
主な方法:
- 非侵襲的CAD画像検査を受けた成人19,302人を対象とした世界的な横断研究。
- 2023年後半の1週間で101カ国742施設からデータを収集。
- 画像診断モダリティにはSPECT、PET、CACS、CCTAが含まれた。
主要な成果:
- 中央実効線量はモダリティによって異なった:CACS(1.2 mSv)、PET(2.0 mSv)、SPECT(6.5 mSv)、CCTA(7.4 mSv)。
- 特定の処置において、ラテンアメリカとアフリカで最も高い線量が観察され、顕著な地域差が見られた。
- 特にCCTAでは、低所得国の方が高所得国よりも高い放射線量を示した。
結論:
- CAD診断検査からの患者の放射線量の著しいばらつきは、トレーニングの改善、標準化されたプロトコル、および最新の機器を必要とする。
- 特に低・中所得国の患者、およびCCTAを受けている患者に注意が必要である。
- 世界的にCAD診断の質と安全性を向上させる機会が存在する。
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