Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Gene Duplication and Divergence02:37

Gene Duplication and Divergence

8.1K
The seminal work of Ohno in 1970 popularized the idea of gene duplication and divergence. DNA sequence comparison studies reveal that a large portion of the genes in bacteria, archaebacteria, and eukaryotes was  generated by gene duplication and divergence, indicating its critical role in evolution.
The duplicated copies of the gene are called Paralogs. Paralogs with similar sequences and functions form a gene family. Across several species, a large number of gene families are...
8.1K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

8.3K
The genomes of eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of sequence which do not code for proteins or RNAs. Although some of these regions do contain crucial regulatory sequences, the vast majority of this DNA serves no known function. Typically, these regions of the genome are the ones in which the fastest change, in evolutionary terms, is observed, because there is typically little to no selection pressure acting on these regions to preserve their sequences.
In contrast, regions which code...
8.3K
Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?02:05

Gene Evolution - Fast or Slow?

3.7K
3.7K
Gene Families01:57

Gene Families

10.1K
Gene families consist of groups of genes proposed to have originated from a common ancestor. Typically these arise through events in which a gene or genes are mistakenly duplicated during cell division. Unlike their parent genes (which are subject to selection pressure to maintain function), these gene copies do not need to preserve their sequences and may evolve at a relatively faster rate.
Occasionally these regions can be adapted to take on new roles within the organism, becoming novel genes...
10.1K
Genomics02:02

Genomics

41.1K
Genomics is the science of genomes: it is the study of all the genetic material of an organism. In humans, the genome consists of information carried in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus, as well as mitochondrial DNA. In genomics, both coding and non-coding DNA is sequenced and analyzed. Genomics allows a better understanding of all living things, their evolution, and their diversity. It has a myriad of uses: for example, to build phylogenetic trees, to improve productivity and...
41.1K
Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

3.5K
3.5K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Classifying Convergences in the Light of Horizontal Gene Transfer: Epaktovars and Xenotypes.

Molecular biology and evolution·2025
Same author

Contingency, repeatability, and predictability in the evolution of a prokaryotic pangenome.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2023
Same author

Prokaryotic Pangenomes Act as Evolving Ecosystems.

Molecular biology and evolution·2022
Same author

Gene essentiality evolves across a pangenome.

Nature microbiology·2022
Same author

The role of public goods in planetary evolution.

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2017
Same author

Function-related replacement of bacterial siderophore pathways.

The ISME journal·2017
Same journal

Phylogenomic blind spots: The limits of UCE and BUSCO loci in the presence of gene flow.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

seqLens: optimizing language models for genomic predictions.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

The transcriptional and translational outcomes for pseudogenes in bacterial endosymbionts.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

800 million years of co-evolution in the green plant lineage - the case of LEUNIG and SEUSS transcriptional co-regulators.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

RNA i-motif landscapes in plant kingdom and their potential functional roles.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
Same journal

Functional Divergence and Structural Changes of class IV Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Across the Tree of Life.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026
関連記事をすべて見る

関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.6K

ゲノムの複雑性と文脈依存的機能の進化

James O McInerney1

  • 1Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute of Infection, Veterinary, and Ecological Sciences, Biosciences Building, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK.

Molecular biology and evolution
|February 25, 2026
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ゲノムは大規模言語モデルのように機能し、固定された遺伝子機能ではなく文脈依存的な確率をエンコードする。ゲノムの複雑性は遺伝子の非互換性を定量化し、遺伝子流動における適応度コストを説明する。

キーワード:
ゲノムの複雑性遺伝子水平伝播情報理論機械学習突然変異

さらに関連する動画

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

4.0K
In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
06:41

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

14.4K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Feb 26, 2026

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin
08:57

Using Phylogenetic Analysis to Investigate Eukaryotic Gene Origin

Published on: August 14, 2018

16.6K
An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis
09:37

An Integrated Approach for Microprotein Identification and Sequence Analysis

Published on: July 12, 2022

4.0K
In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila
06:41

In Vivo Functional Study of Disease-associated Rare Human Variants Using Drosophila

Published on: August 20, 2019

14.4K

科学分野:

  • ゲノミクス
  • 進化生物学
  • 計算生物学

背景:

  • 従来の遺伝学は固定された遺伝子機能を仮定しているが、パンゲノミクスとGWASは文脈依存的な生物機能を実証している。
  • ゲノムコンテキストは、コア遺伝子であっても、遺伝子および生物の表現型に大きく影響する。

研究 の 目的:

  • ゲノムを、大規模言語モデル(LLM)に類似した、機能的結果に対する確率分布として見る新しいフレームワークを提案すること。
  • ゲノムコンテキスト内での遺伝的要素の非互換性の情報理論的尺度として「ゲノムの複雑性」を導入および定義すること。
  • 遺伝子統合の可能性を予測し、進化プロセスを理解するための検証可能なフレームワークを提供すること。

主な方法:

  • ゲノムエピスタシスとLLMのアテンションメカニズムとの概念的アナロジー。
  • 情報理論的概念「ゲノムの複雑性」の導入。
  • ゲノムの複雑性を、水平遺伝子伝播(HGT)および導入における適応度コストの尺度として実証すること。

主要な成果:

  • ゲノムはLLMのように、固定された機能ではなく、機能の確率分布をエンコードする。
  • ゲノムエピスタシスは、文脈が遺伝的要素の影響に重み付けを行うアテンションメカニズムに類似している。
  • ゲノムの複雑性は、遺伝的要素の非互換性を定量化し、遺伝子流動における適応度コストを説明する。

結論:

  • 確率的、LLMに触発されたフレームワークは、遺伝子機能とゲノム相互作用の理解を再構築する。
  • ゲノムの複雑性は、遺伝子環境相互作用と進化統合のための定量化可能な尺度を提供する。
  • この視点は、合成生物学、進化モデリング、およびゲノム適応の理解を前進させる。