心血管リスクプロファイルと幸福度に関する行動的地域ベースの教育介入への早期対応
Valentí Fuster1, Domènec Haro2, Xavier Òrrit2
1Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Mount Sinai Fuster Heart Hospital, New York, New York, USA; Foundation for Science, Health, and Education (SHE), Barcelona, Spain.
JACC. Advances
|February 25, 2026
まとめ
地域健康教育プログラムは心血管疾患のリスク要因を減らすことができます。最適な効果を得るためには、2年間で少なくとも4つのワークショップに参加することが重要です。
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 予防医学
- 地域保健介入
背景:
- 心血管疾患(CVD)は、主に修正可能なリスク要因により、世界的な死亡原因の主要な原因です。
- WHOヘルシーシティフレームワークに基づいたCardona Healthy Community 2030(HC-2030)介入は、2021年にスペインのCardonaで実施されました。
- この研究は、CVDリスクを軽減するための地域レベルの戦略に焦点を当てています。
研究 の 目的:
- Fuster-BEWATスコアおよびその他の心血管リスクマーカーに対するHC-2030地域介入の2年間の用量反応効果を評価すること。
- 通常のケアを受けている対照群(Sallent)と比較して、Cardonaでの結果を比較すること。
- 健康アウトカムに対する地域健康教育ワークショップへの参加レベルの影響を評価すること。
主な方法:
- 1,857人の12〜85歳の参加者を対象とした準実験的研究。
- 介入群(Cardona)は健康教育ワークショップを受け、対照群(Sallent)は標準的なケアを受けました。
- ベースラインと2年間の追跡評価には、Fuster-BEWATスコア、身体計測、血圧、脂質プロファイル、および身体活動が含まれていました。
主要な成果:
- 4つ以上のワークショップに参加した参加者は、身体活動、食事、トリグリセリド、および拡張期血圧において有意な改善を示しました。
- Fuster-BEWATスコアは、対照群の町では有意に低下しましたが(-0.50ポイント)、介入群の町では安定していました(-0.06ポイント)。
- HC-2030介入は、対照群と比較して、腹囲、総コレステロール、喫煙率の低下、および身体活動と幸福度の向上につながりました。
結論:
- HC-2030のような地域教育プログラムは、心血管の健康にとって重要な予防的価値を持っています。
- 心血管系の利点を最大化するには、2年間で少なくとも4つのワークショップに参加することと定義される一貫した関与が不可欠です。
- 介入の長期的な影響を判断するには、継続的な追跡調査によるさらなる研究が必要です。
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