関連する実験動画

Updated: Feb 27, 2026

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear

Published on: August 24, 2012

元ジェノサイド加害者および救助者の服従と抵抗の神経処理

Lola Seyll¹, Vincent Sezibera², François Masabo³

¹Department of Experimental Psychology, Moral and Social Brain Lab, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Ghent University.

The American psychologist

|February 26, 2026

Abstract:

While influential studies, notably those of Milgram, have been used to explain participation in genocide, none have directly involved individuals who either participated in or resisted genocidal violence. To better understand what drives participation or resistance, this study examines decision-making processes among former genocide perpetrators, rescuers, and bystanders in a controlled task assessing (dis)obedience to harmful orders to take money from a victim. Although former perpetrators were more likely to obey antisocial commands and take money, all groups demonstrated high rates of prosocial disobedience by choosing not to take the money. Electroencephalogram data revealed that rescuers exhibited heightened emotional processing of victims' distress compared to other groups, which was associated with greater prosocial disobedience. The study also challenges the idea that inherent traits drive genocidal violence, as former perpetrators and bystanders showed no differences across various neural processes. Our study provides the first empirical evidence of the specificities of rescuers and offers insights into fostering resistance to harmful social influence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

さらに関連する動画

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation of the Posterior Medial Frontal Cortex to Experimentally Reduce Ideological Threat Responses

Published on: September 28, 2018

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress

Published on: July 4, 2013

関連する概念動画

Milgram's Obedience to Authority

Milgram's Obedience to Authority

Obedience to authority is classically demonstrated in a more famous series of social psychology experiments performed by Stanley Milgram. He was a social psychology professor at Yale who was influenced by the trial of Adolf Eichmann, a Nazi war criminal. Eichmann’s defense for the atrocities he committed was that he was “just following orders.”

Obedience

Obedience

According to obedience research, we may harm others under the forceful pressures of an authority figure (Milgram, 1974). How about if the inappropriate orders were delivered with less force? The increasing interdependence between nurses and physicians compelled Hofling and his colleagues to explore nurses’ reactions to a potentially harmful medical request made by the perceived authority figure, the doctor (Hofling, Brotzman, Dalrymple, Graves, & Pierce, 1966). In this situation,...

The Stanford Prison Experiment

The Stanford Prison Experiment

The famous and controversial Stanford Prison Experiment, conducted by social psychologist Philip Zimbardo and his colleagues at Stanford University, demonstrated the power of social roles, social norms, and scripts.

Cognitive Dissonance

Cognitive Dissonance

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...

Bystander Effect

Bystander Effect

The discussion of bullying highlights the problem of witnesses not intervening to help a victim. This is a common occurrence, as the following well-publicized event demonstrates. In 1964, in Queens, New York, a 19-year-old woman named Kitty Genovese was attacked by a person with a knife near the back entrance to her apartment building and again in the hallway inside her apartment building. When the attack occurred, she screamed for help numerous times and eventually died from her stab wounds.

Traumatic Memory

Traumatic Memory

Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual...