乳児期における母親のプロバイオティクス補給によるアトピー性皮膚炎予防後のT細胞集団
Dinastry Pramadita Zakiudin1,2, Anne Dorthea Bjerkenes Rø3,4, Vibeke Videm3,4
1Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Clinical and translational allergy
|February 26, 2026
まとめ
母親のプロバイオティクス補給は、生後10日および2歳の乳児のT細胞集団に変化をもたらさなかった。これは、アトピー性皮膚炎の減少がこれらの特定の免疫細胞の変化と関連していない可能性を示唆している。
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- マイクロバイオーム研究
- 小児アレルギー
背景:
- 妊娠中および授乳中の母親によるプロバイオティクスの摂取は、以前に子孫のアトピー性皮膚炎(AD)の減少を示した。
- 以前の分析では、この保護効果は生後3ヶ月時点でのTヘルパー22(Th22)細胞の割合の減少に関連している可能性が示唆された。
研究 の 目的:
- 母親のプロバイオティクスが、子孫の様々なTヘルパー(Th)細胞サブセットおよび制御性T細胞(Treg)に及ぼす縦断的影響を調査すること。
- 生後10日、3ヶ月、2歳時点での免疫細胞プロファイルを比較すること。
主な方法:
- 無作為化比較試験では、415人の妊婦がプロバイオティクスまたはプラセボミルクに割り当てられた。
- 子孫の血液サンプルを、生後10日(n=112)および2歳(n=156)時点で、フローサイトメトリーを用いてTregおよびThサブセット(Th1、Th2、Th17、Th22)について分析した。
- 3ヶ月齢の乳児(n=76)からのデータは、線形混合モデルを用いた縦断的比較のために含まれた。
主要な成果:
- プロバイオティクス群とプラセボ群の間で、生後10日および2歳時点でのT細胞集団(Th1、Th2、Th17、Th22、Treg)に有意な差は観察されなかった。
- 以前に指摘された3ヶ月時点でのTh22細胞の割合の減少は、その後の時点では持続しなかった。
結論:
- 母親のプロバイオティクス摂取後の3ヶ月時点でのTh22細胞の減少は、アトピー性皮膚炎の予防の主なメカニズムではない可能性がある。
- T細胞プロファイルにおける持続的な違いがないことは、小児のアレルギーに対するプロバイオティクスの保護効果を媒介する他の要因が存在する可能性を示唆している。
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