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Updated: Feb 28, 2026

Hot Biological Catalysis: Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Characterize Enzymatic Reactions

Hot Biological Catalysis: Isothermal Titration Calorimetry to Characterize Enzymatic Reactions

Published on: April 4, 2014

水系フロー電池における有機分子の自己会合に対するカオトロピック剤としての尿素の効果

Mahsa Shahsavan¹, Cedrik Wiberg², Aapo Poskela¹

¹Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland. pekka.peljo@utu.fi.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP

|February 27, 2026

Abstract:

This paper investigates the effect of urea, a widely used denaturing co-solute, on the aggregation of promising candidates for aqueous organic flow batteries, specifically 9,10-anthraquinone-2,7-disulfonic acid (AQDS) and naphthalene diimide derivatives (NDIs). These molecules undergo aggregation through π-π interactions of their aromatic cores. We evaluated how urea influences molecular interactions and electrochemical behavior of these molecules by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), cyclic voltammetry (CV), rotating disk electrode (RDE), and flow battery testing. While NMR confirmed that urea effectively disrupts π-π stacking and reduces the concentration-dependent shifts and peak broadening, electrochemical measurements showed that this effect is only partial. These results highlight the difference between molecular-level disruption of aggregation and limited improvements in electrochemical performance.

キーワード:

水系有機フロー電池分子凝集 π-πスタッキング尿素電気化学 AQDS NDI

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A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery

Published on: February 13, 2017

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery

Published on: January 22, 2015

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