腸の感覚から灰白質へ:過敏性腸症候群における便意切迫感のマッピング
Nawroz Barazanji1, Jenny Sjödahl1, Gustav Orell1
1Department of Health, Medicine, and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Clinical Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Region Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden.
Gastroenterology
|February 28, 2026
まとめ
過敏性腸症候群(IBS)における便意切迫感は、感覚的および感情的要因が関与する複雑なものです。脳画像検査により、実生活での切迫感と実験的に測定された切迫感で異なる神経パターンが明らかになりました。
科学分野:
- 消化器病学; 神経科学; 精神医学
背景:
- 便意切迫感は、過敏性腸症候群(IBS)における苦痛な症状である。IBSにおける切迫感の定義と測定は不明確である。切迫感の臨床的および神経的相関を理解することは、効果的な管理のために不可欠である。
研究 の 目的:
- IBS患者における便意切迫感の異なる測定値を比較すること。切迫感測定値の臨床的および神経的相関を調査すること。実生活での切迫感と実験的に誘発された切迫感を区別すること。
主な方法:
- 中等度から重度のIBS患者150名を対象とした横断研究。症状日記、質問票、および直腸感覚閾値(バロスタット)を用いた切迫感の評価。切迫感と灰白質体積(GMV)の関連を評価するための構造的MRI。
主要な成果:
- 日記/質問票による切迫感の測定値は互いに相関したが、バロスタット閾値とは相関しなかった。すべての切迫感測定値は腹部症状と関連していた。感覚閾値は消化器系特異的不安と相関していた。症状に基づく切迫感は、前帯状皮質および扁桃体の灰白質体積(GMV)の変化と関連していた。バロスタットで定義された切迫感は、島皮質、扁桃体、および海馬のGMV変化と関連していた。
結論:
- IBSにおける切迫感は、感覚的および感情的側面を含む多次元的である。異なる種類の切迫感の根底には、異なる神経基質が存在する。実生活での切迫感と実験的切迫感を区別することは、IBSの病態生理を理解するために不可欠である。
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