鬱病ではモノアミン酸化酵素の活性が増加しているのでしょうか?
Lancet (London, England)
|May 10, 1975
まとめ
鬱病の患者はコンジュガートチラミンの減少を示し,モノアミン酸化酵素 (M.A.O.) の増加を示唆しています. アクティビティ. 活動. この酵素は,より多くのチラミンを代謝し,うつ病におけるコンジュガットレベルを低下させる可能性が高い.
科学分野:
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 精神科医は精神病を患っている.
背景:
- モノアミン酸化酵素 (M.A.O.) 抑止剤は抗うつ薬の一種である.
- チラミンの代謝は,M.A.O.と関連しています. アクティビティ. 活動.
- うつ病は,神経伝達物質システムの変化と関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 鬱病患者のチラミン代謝を調査する.
- うつ病患者の結合アミン出力を対照群と比較する.
- M.A.O.の役割を探求する. うつ病に関連したアミンの代謝における活性.
主な方法:
- 抑うつ状態の患者と正常な対照群に口服チラミンとイソプレナリンを投与した.
- 結合チラミンとイソプレナリンの出力を測定し,比較しました.
- M.A.O.で治療された,またはM.A.O.に適合した被験者を評価した. 阻害剤療法 阻害剤療法
主要な成果:
- 抑うつ状態の患者では,対照群と比較して,相乗チラミンの出力が著しく低下することが観察されました.
- グループ間で結合イソプレナリン出力の有意な差は見つかりませんでした.
- ティラミン結合の観察された欠乏は,機能的なM.A.O.の増加を示唆する. アクティビティ. 活動.
結論:
- 研究結果は,M.A.O.の増加を示唆しています. うつ病における活動,チラミン代謝の変化につながる.
- この増加した活動は,チラミンの結合プールの減少を説明する可能性がある.
- M.A.O.のさらなる研究について うつ病での機能は正当化されています.
関連する概念動画
01:21G-protein Coupled Receptors
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
01:21Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Release or Uptake
Certain drugs can affect how neurotransmitters called catecholamines, are released or taken back up in the adrenergic neuron. They can have different effects on the body's sympathetic transmission. Reserpine, a natural compound found in the Rauwolfia shrub, blocks a transporter called vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT), which leads to a buildup of catecholamines in the cell and reduces sympathetic transmission. Another drug called guanethidine works in multiple ways, including blocking...
01:29Drugs Affecting Neurotransmitter Synthesis
Drugs affecting neurotransmitter synthesis can impact the adrenergic neuron and the synthesis of neurotransmitters. For example, α-methyltyrosine and carbidopa target specific enzymes involved in catecholamine synthesis. α-methyltyrosine inhibits the enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase, which converts tyrosine into dopamine. By blocking this enzyme, α-methyltyrosine reduces dopamine production and other catecholamines. Carbidopa, on the other hand, inhibits the enzyme dopa decarboxylase, which converts...
01:24Mania and Antimanic Drugs: Overview
Mania, a psychological condition characterized by elevated mood, increased energy, and reduced sleep need, is part of the bipolar disorder cycle. The exact cause of mania isn't entirely known, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. Bipolar disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes. Mood stabilizers like lithium, antipsychotics, and anticonvulsants help manage these episodes. Lithium carbonate is particularly effective as a...
01:18Depression: Overview
Depression is a prevalent mental illness marked by persistent sadness and lack of interest in previously enjoyable activities. It can take several forms, including major depression, persistent depressive disorder, and bipolar I and II disorders. Symptoms range from emotional changes like chronic worry to physical changes like sleep disturbances and suicidal thoughts. From a neurobiological perspective, depression is believed to be triggered by abnormalities in the brain's prefrontal cortex,...
01:23Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents
Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...