メッセージと非メッセージの配列は,HeLa細胞の安定状態の異質な核RNAのポリ (A) に隣接しています
Cell
|March 1, 1976
まとめ
研究者らは,HeLa細胞から核RNA (hnRNA) を分離する新しい方法を開発した. この研究では,核RNAは,サイトプラズマ的mRNAと比較して,より複雑なメッセージ配列とユニークなノンコーディング領域を含んでいることが明らかになりました.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
背景:
- 異質な核RNA (hnRNA) は遺伝子発現において重要な役割を果たします.
- hnRNAの組成と処理を理解することは,細胞メカニズムを解読するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 安定状態の異質核RNA (hnRNA) を浄化する改善された方法を開発する.
- HeLa細胞における hnRNAの配列の複雑性と細胞プラズマの表現を分析する.
主な方法:
- 洗剤で洗浄された核を硫酸アンモニアで破壊する新しい手順.
- ポリ(A) を含む hnRNA 断片の分離と,その後のcDNA 合成.
- 核のcDNAと細胞プラズマのmRNA配列を比較するハイブリデーションアッセイ.
主要な成果:
- この新しい方法は,高度に精製され,高分子量 hnRNA.を産出します.
- 核RNAには,細胞質RNAよりも少ない (複雑な) メッセージシーケンスがより多く含まれています.
- hnRNAのポリ (A) 付近配列の有意な部分 (少なくとも30%) は,核特異的な配列を示し,細胞プラズマの配列を欠いている.
結論:
- この発見は,広範囲にわたる核処理とRNAトランスクリプトの調節を示唆している.
- 核RNAは,大きなトランスクリプトの中にメッセージと非メッセージの両方の配列を含んでいます.
- hnRNA配列のかなりの部分は,細胞質に存在せず,核特異のRNA要素を強調しています.
さらに関連する動画
09:04Sequence-specific and Selective Recognition of Double-stranded RNAs over Single-stranded RNAs by Chemically Modified Peptide Nucleic Acids
Published on: September 21, 2017
10.5K
09:45An Oligonucleotide-based Tandem RNA Isolation Procedure to Recover Eukaryotic mRNA-Protein Complexes
Published on: August 18, 2018
13.1K
関連する概念動画
pre-mRNA Processing
49.0K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
49.0K
RNA Stability
31.6K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
31.6K
Nuclear Export of mRNA
7.1K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.1K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay
9.4K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
9.4K
Regulated mRNA Transport
5.7K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
5.7K
Nucleic Acid Structure
8.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
8.1K
