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関連する概念動画

Reporter Genes02:11

Reporter Genes

11.4K
Reporter genes are a type of protein-coding gene that are often tagged to a gene of interest. Once inside a target cell, reporter genes usually produce visually identifiable characteristics like fluorescence and luminescence when expressed along with the gene of interest. Thus, reporter genes “report” the presence or absence of genes of interest in an organism, determine the gene expression pattern, or track the physical location of a DNA segment or protein in the cell.
11.4K
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle02:38

Mitogens and the Cell Cycle

6.3K
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

4.0K
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the...
4.0K
Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes

9.1K
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
9.1K
The Ras Gene02:38

The Ras Gene

5.7K
The Ras-gene-encoded proteins are regulators of signaling pathways controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, or cell survival. The Ras-gene family in humans constitutes three primary members—the HRas, NRas, and KRas. These genes code for four functionally distinct yet closely related proteins—the HRas, NRas, KRas4A, and KRas4B. The involvement of mutant Ras genes in human cancer was first discovered in 1982 and is among the most common causes of human tumorigenesis.
Ras is a...
5.7K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

7.2K
The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 5, 2026

Induction and Diagnosis of Tumors in Drosophila Imaginal Disc Epithelia
08:14

Induction and Diagnosis of Tumors in Drosophila Imaginal Disc Epithelia

Published on: July 25, 2017

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ヒトの正常なSIS/PDGF-2コード配列の発現は,細胞の変容を誘発する.

A Gazit, H Igarashi, I M Chiu

    Cell
    |November 1, 1984
    PubMed
    まとめ

    血小板由来成長因子 (PDGF) 鎖をコードするヒトSISプロトオンコゲンは,変換活性を得る. c-sisクローン8にアップストリームエクソンを追加することで,sis/PDGF-2タンパク質の発現と細胞の変異が可能になった.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 腫瘍遺伝子 (オンコゲーネス) とは
    • 細胞の変容 細胞の変容

    背景:

    • 人間のSISプロトオンコゲンは,血小板由来成長因子 (PDGF) のポリペプチド鎖をコードする.
    • v-sisに関連する配列を含む特定のヒトDNAクローン (c-sisクローン8) は,NIH/3T3細胞で転写的に不活性であることが判明しました.

    研究 の 目的:

    • ヒトのシステム原発がん遺伝子の変容の可能性を調査する.
    • sis/PDGF-2の発現と生物学的活性に必要な規制要素を特定する.

    主な方法:

    • レトロウイルス LTR コントロール下でc-sisクローン8によるNIH/3T3細胞の感染.
    • SIS関連トランスクリプトプローブを使用して,推定上流エクソンの識別.
    • キメリックのLTR-exon-c-sisクローン8分子の構築とトランスフェクション.

    主要な成果:

    • c-sisクローン8単独では,検出可能なsis/PDGF-2タンパク質発現または変換活性を示さなかった.
    • アップストリームで特定されたエクソンは,挿入されると,高タイター変換活性を与えました.
    • 変換された細胞は,ヒトシス/PDGF-2トランスレーション製品を発現し,機能的活性化を示した.

    さらに関連する動画

    In Vitro Evaluation of Oncogenic Transformation in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells
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    In Vitro Evaluation of Oncogenic Transformation in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells

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    Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
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    Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

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    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: May 5, 2026

    Induction and Diagnosis of Tumors in Drosophila Imaginal Disc Epithelia
    08:14

    Induction and Diagnosis of Tumors in Drosophila Imaginal Disc Epithelia

    Published on: July 25, 2017

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    In Vitro Evaluation of Oncogenic Transformation in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells
    09:44

    In Vitro Evaluation of Oncogenic Transformation in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells

    Published on: September 24, 2020

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    Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells
    06:54

    Studying TGF-β Signaling and TGF-β-induced Epithelial-to-mesenchymal Transition in Breast Cancer and Normal Cells

    Published on: October 27, 2020

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    結論:

    • 人間の成長因子 (sis/PDGF-2) の通常のコーディングシーケンスには,変容の可能性があります.
    • 特定された上流エクソンのような特定の規制要素は,その発現と腫瘍発生性活動にとって極めて重要です.