まとめ
src遺伝子ファミリーのウイルス性腫瘍遺伝子は,鶏の骨髄細胞が独立して鶏の骨髄単細胞成長因子 (cMGF) を生成することを可能にします. この発見は,骨髄細胞の増殖におけるオトクリン成長メカニズムを明らかにしている.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- 細胞生物学 細胞生物学
- 腫瘍学 腫瘍学
背景:
- 鶏肉骨髄性白血病ウイルスE26とOK10は,骨髄性細胞を変形させ,その増殖を鶏肉骨髄性単細胞成長因子 (cMGF) に依存させる.
- ウイルス性腫瘍遺伝子は,細胞の変容と制御不能な成長に関与しています.
研究 の 目的:
- src遺伝子ファミリーの腫瘍遺伝子が,変形した鶏肉の骨髄細胞の成長因子依存性を変化させることができるかどうかを調査する.
- これらの腫瘍遺伝子が成長因子のオトクリン産生を誘発するかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- E26とOK 10の変形細胞がSRCファミリーのレトロウイルスに超感染した.
- 外因的なcMGFがない場合の細胞増殖の測定.
- 抗体中和を含む生物学的および免疫学的測定を用いて,条件付き媒体の成長刺激活性の特徴付け.
主要な成果:
- 超感染したミエロイド細胞は,外因的なcMGFなしで増殖した.
- 超感染した細胞からの条件付け媒体は,cMGFのような成長刺激活性を示した.
- この活動は,cMGFに対する抗血清によって著しく低下し,抗体インキュベーションは細胞増殖を抑制しました.
結論:
- Srcファミリーのウイルス性腫瘍遺伝子は,鶏肉の骨髄細胞を誘導して,cMGFのような因子を生成します.
- この産生はオトクリンの方法で発生し,細胞増殖を促進します.
- ウイルスの腫瘍遺伝子が成長因子独立性を授与できるメカニズムを示しています.
関連する概念動画
02:38Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
02:23Abnormal Proliferation
Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
03:03mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression
The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
The mTOR pathway or the...
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
01:06Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic cells are...
Somatic cells are...