高血圧の男性における急性および慢性ティモロール療法によって誘発された血液動力学,反射的および代謝の変化
Circulation
|January 1, 1978
まとめ
ティモロールは,エッセンシャル高血圧の患者の血圧を効果的に低下させます. この研究では,抗高血圧剤であるティモロールは,血圧と心指数を低下させ,プロプラノロールに類似した効果を示した.
科学分野:
- 心臓病学 心臓病学
- 薬理学 薬理学とは
背景:
- エッセンシャル高血圧は,効果的な治療を必要とする一般的な状態です.
- ベータブロッカーは高血圧管理に使用される薬のクラスです.
- ティモロールは,潜在的抗高血圧特性を有するβ-アドレナergic受容体阻害剤です.
研究 の 目的:
- 主要高血圧患者の急性および長期のティモロール治療による血液動力学,心血管,代謝効果を評価する.
- 静脈内投与と経口のティモロール投与の効果を比較するために.
- 抗高血圧剤としてのティモロールの有効性を評価するために.
主な方法:
- 軽度から中等度のエッセンシャル高血圧を有する16人の患者が登録されました.
- 静脈内ティモロール投与で急性効果が研究されました.
- 長期間の効果は,口服チモロール治療の4週間にわたって評価されました.
- 平均動脈圧,心臓指数,および全周回路抵抗を含む血液動力学的パラメータが測定されました.
- 血レニン活性,血体積,心血管反射も評価した.
主要な成果:
- 経口チモロールは,15人のうち10人の患者で,静止状態のシストリック (7%),ダイアストリック (9%) と平均動脈圧を著しく低下させた.
- 静脈内投与と経口のティモロールは,心臓指数 (それぞれ20%,13%) を低下させた.
- 静脈注射ティモロールで全周周回性抵抗が増加し,経口療法でベースラインに戻った.
- 静脈注射ティモロールで左心室排出率が低下したが,経口治療で正常化した.
- 血レニンの活動は,両方の投与経路で同様に減少した.
- 血量は13人の患者のうち8人に減少した.
- バルサルヴァの操作に対する反射反応は変化したが,直立の傾きや握手に対する反射反応は変化しなかった.
結論:
- ティモロールは,エッセンシャル高血圧管理のための効果的な経口抗高血圧剤です.
- ティモロールの血液動力学および代謝効果は,プロプラノロールの効果に匹敵します.
- ティモロールは,血圧と心臓の出力を大幅に低下させ,外周抵抗と心室機能に顕著な影響を及ぼします.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:27Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of β-Receptor Blockers
β-receptor blockers significantly impact the cardiovascular system by counteracting catecholamine-induced sympathetic responses. These medications decrease heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output, potentially leading to cardiac depression, life-threatening bradycardia, and death. Therapeutically, β-blockers function as mild antihypertensives and are utilized in treating angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias. However, nonselective β-blockers inhibit β2-receptors in bronchial smooth...
01:27Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
01:18Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure
Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
01:17Antihypertensive Drugs: Action of β1 Blockers
β1-receptors are primarily located in the heart and kidneys. In cardiac myocytes, these receptors interact with neurotransmitters released by the sympathetic nervous system during heightened activity or danger. As a result, β1-receptors get activated, initiating a series of biochemical processes. Excessive activation of beta receptors due to chronic stress can abnormally increase heart rate and contractility, resulting in high blood pressure or hypertension. To counteract this, β1-blockers...
01:26Heart Failure Drugs: Inhibitors of Renin-Angiotensin System
The activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) contributes to cardiac remodeling, and inhibiting the RAAS is a pharmacological target in heart failure management. As a result, neurohumoral modulation is a crucial treatment principle for managing heart failure. This approach involves using medications like ACE inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), β-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and neutral...
01:15Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...