ディクティオステリウム・ディスコイデウムにおける細胞型特異のアクチンmRNA集団

A S Tsang, H Mahbubani, J G Williams

Cell

|December 1, 1982

まとめ

Dictyostelium discoideum アクチンのmRNA配列は,発達中に変化する. 特定のアクチンmRNAの変種は,細胞が胞子に微分するにつれて失われ,異なる遺伝子発現を示します.

科学分野:

分子生物学は分子生物学である.
発達生物学発達生物学とは
細胞生物学細胞生物学

背景:

アクチンタンパク質は,細胞の様々なプロセスに関与する細胞骨格の重要な成分です.
Dictyostelium discoideumは,細胞の分化と発達を研究するためのモデル生物として機能しています.

研究の目的:

Dictyostelium discoideum発達の終末期に存在するアクチンmRNA配列を分析する.
細胞微分化中にアクチンmRNA配列の微分発現と損失を調査する.

主な方法:

移住する擬似プラズモジアにおけるアクチンmRNA配列の分析.
プライマー拡張製品の核酸配列解析.
プレスポー,プレストーク,成熟した胞子細胞におけるアクチンmRNA含有量の比較.

主要な成果:

4つの異なるアクチンmRNA配列が,移住する擬似プラズモジアで特定されました.
4つの配列すべては,同一のN末端アミノ酸を持つアクチンタンパク質をコードした.
プレストーク細胞には4つのアクチンmRNA配列,プレスポー細胞には3つの配列,成熟した胞子には2つの配列が含まれていた.
胞子微分化中に特定のアクチンmRNA配列の微分喪失が観察されました.

結論:

ディクティオステリウム・ディスコイデウム (Dictyostelium discoideum) は,発達中のアクチンmRNAの微分調節を示す.
特定のアクチンmRNA配列の喪失は,胞子細胞の分化に関連しています.
これらの発見は,このモデル生物における細胞の分化に根本的な複雑な分子機構を強調しています.

さらに関連する動画

06:47

High-throughput Measurement of Dictyostelium discoideum Macropinocytosis by Flow Cytometry

Published on: September 10, 2018

06:08

Genetic Engineering of Dictyostelium discoideum Cells Based on Selection and Growth on Bacteria

Published on: January 25, 2019

関連する概念動画

01:26

Introduction to Actin

Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle cells, while in non-muscle cells, it is lower and makes up around 1–5 percent of the total cell protein. Actin found in the unicellular amoebae and complex multicellular animals is around 80% similar, demonstrating their conservation over a billion years of evolution. Actin coding genes are conserved within species and across different species.

01:42

Actin Polymerization

Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶ nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
The nucleation phase involves forming a stable nucleus consisting of three actin monomers to form a new actin filament. Actin-binding proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex help filament growth post-nucleation. The Formins form straight actin...

01:19

Actin Filament Depolymerization

Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of dissociation is faster from the minus-end or the pointed end, where the actin subunits exist with a bound ADP, together known as ADP-actin. The depolymerization of F-actin is aided by proteins, including the actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) and cofilin family of proteins, gelsolin, and glia maturation factor (GMF).
In F-actin, the ADF/cofilin proteins...

01:10

The Role of Actin and Myosin in Non-muscle Cells

Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the sarcomere of muscle cells). The mechanism of non-muscle cell contractile bundles was first observed in Dictyostelium and Acanthamoeba. In non-muscle cells, two bundles are commonly found: stress fibers and actomyosin adherence belts. These contractile bundles are smaller and less organized than the ones found in muscle cells. They are held...

01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
Actin cytoskeleton dynamics can produce pushing, pulling, and resistance forces that help the cell to migrate.

01:18

Actin Treadmilling

Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic concentration of free G-actins. The polymerization rate is generally higher at the plus or barbed end, while the depolymerization rate is higher at the minus or pointed end. At a steady state, critical concentration describes the concentration of free G-actin monomers at which the polymerization rate at the plus end is equal to that of the...

関連する実験動画