Bacillus subtilisの2つのRNAポリメラーゼシグマ因子は,発達的に調節された遺伝子の重複するプロモーターを区別します
Nature
|April 28, 1983
まとめ
研究者らは,バチルス・サブティリスの特定の遺伝子 (spoVG) を制御する新しいシグマ因子 (シグマ32) を発見した. この発見は,異なるシグマ因子が細菌の遺伝子発現をどのように制御するかを明らかにしています.
科学分野:
- 微生物学 微生物学とは
- 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
- バクテリアの遺伝学
背景:
- バチルス・サブティリス spoVG遺伝子は発達的に調節されています.
- 遺伝子発現は,重複するプロモーターとRNAポリメラーゼシグマ因子によって制御されます.
- シグマ37は,spoVGのアップストリームプロモーターを調節することが知られている.
研究 の 目的:
- spoVG遺伝子のダウンストリームプロモーターの調節を担当するシグマ因子を特定し,特徴づけること.
- Bacillus subtilis.のシグマ特異プロモーター認識のメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 新しいシグマ因子の分離と特徴付け.
- spoVG遺伝子からの転写開始の分析.
- シグマ特有のプロモーター認識モデルの開発.
主要な成果:
- 32,000分子量シグマ因子 (シグマ32) が分離されました.
- シグマ32は,下流 spoVG プロモーターからのトランスクリプションのイニシアチブを独占的に指示します.
- spoVGトランスクリプション開始領域内のインターメッシュされたシグマ特異的認識配列のモデルが提案されました.
結論:
- シグマ32は,特にspoVG遺伝子のダウンストリームプロモーターを調節する独特のシグマ因子です.
- この発見は,複数のシグマ因子による細菌の遺伝子発現の複雑な調節についての洞察を提供します.
- この研究は,異なるシグマ因子が重複するプロモーター配列を認識する方法のモデルを示唆しています.
関連する概念動画
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Bacterial Transcription
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription Initiation
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...


