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関連する概念動画

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon has three reading...
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then processed and...
Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps the cell...
Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 12, 2026

Purification of Transcripts and Metabolites from Drosophila Heads
12:49

Purification of Transcripts and Metabolites from Drosophila Heads

Published on: March 15, 2013

ドロソフィラの代謝遺伝子のトランスクリプトは,代替的に処理されます.

S Henikoff, J S Sloan, J D Kelly

    Cell
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    まとめ

    研究者は,ドロソフィラ・ピューリン経路酵素GAR変形酵素を研究した. 新しいエクソンマッピング法により,単一の遺伝子は,代替トランスクリプト処理を通じて2つの異なるポリペプチドを生成し,潜在的に代謝の流れを誘導することが明らかになった.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • バイオケミストリー バイオケミストリー
    • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは

    背景:

    • ピューリンの経路は,細胞代謝において極めて重要です.
    • GAR変形酵素は, purin生物合成における重要な酵素である.
    • 遺伝子転写とタンパク質発現を理解することは,ドロソフィラのようなモデル生物において不可欠です.

    研究 の 目的:

    • GAR変換酵素をコードするドロソフィラのDNAセグメントの組織と転写を決定する.
    • GAR変形酵素および関連するタンパク質の生成の基礎となる分子メカニズムを調査する.
    • 代謝経路の調節における代替トランスクリプト処理の可能性を調査する.

    主な方法:

    • 希少なトランスクリプトのcDNA分離なしでの新しいエクソンマッピング技術.
    • ドロソフィラのDNAセグメントとその対応するトランスクリプトの分析.
    • ポリペプチドの構造とドメインを予測するためのバイオ情報分析.

    主要な成果:

    • purin経路酵素であるGAR変形酵素をコードするDNAセグメントを特定しました.
    • COOH末端でGAR変形酵素で長いポリペプチドをコードする希少なトランスクリプトを発見した.

    さらに関連する動画

    Preparation of Drosophila Larval Samples for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based Metabolomics
    07:21

    Preparation of Drosophila Larval Samples for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based Metabolomics

    Published on: June 6, 2018

    Measuring O2 Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster Using Coulometric Microrespirometry
    07:12

    Measuring O2 Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster Using Coulometric Microrespirometry

    Published on: July 7, 2023

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: May 12, 2026

    Purification of Transcripts and Metabolites from Drosophila Heads
    12:49

    Purification of Transcripts and Metabolites from Drosophila Heads

    Published on: March 15, 2013

    Preparation of Drosophila Larval Samples for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based Metabolomics
    07:21

    Preparation of Drosophila Larval Samples for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS)-based Metabolomics

    Published on: June 6, 2018

    Measuring O2 Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster Using Coulometric Microrespirometry
    07:12

    Measuring O2 Consumption in Drosophila melanogaster Using Coulometric Microrespirometry

    Published on: July 7, 2023

  • 単一の遺伝子が,イントロン内の代替スプライシングとポリアデニレーション信号を通じて,異なるトランスクリプトから2つの異なるポリペプチドを生成することを発見しました.

    • 結論:

    • 1つの遺伝子トランスクリプトの代替処理により,2つの異なるポリペプチドが生成されます.
    • このメカニズムは,代謝中介物質を異なる経路にチャネル化する役割を果たす可能性があります.
    • この発見は,ドロソフィラの遺伝子発現と代謝の流れの複雑な調節についての洞察を提供します.