まとめ
高齢者の患者は,1976年のイギリス熱波で死亡率が3倍に増加した. 絶熱性の高い建物は死亡率が低いことを示し,高齢者に対する熱波対策が必要であることを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- ゲリアトリック・メディシン (老年医学)
- 環境衛生 環境衛生 環境衛生
- 公衆衛生は公衆衛生である.
背景:
- 熱波のような極端な気象現象は,脆弱な集団に重大なリスクをもたらします.
- 1976年のイギリスでの熱波は,高齢の患者に対するその影響を研究するユニークな機会を提供した.
研究 の 目的:
- 1976年にイギリスで発生した熱波で,高齢者医療科における外気温と入院患者の死亡との相関を調査する.
- 高齢者の熱波による死亡率に対する建物の保温効果の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 老年医学科における入院患者の死亡の遡及的分析.
- 1976年の熱波中の死亡率と週平均の最高日温の相関分析.
- 死亡率の上昇を比較すると,隔熱レベルが異なる建物では死亡率が増加します.
主要な成果:
- 死亡率と週平均のピーク日温度の間には密接な相関が観察されました.
- 隔離が良い建物に収容された高齢の患者は,死亡率の上昇がそれほど顕著ではないことを示しました.
- 高齢患者の死亡者総数は,熱波のピーク期間に3倍に増加した.
結論:
- 熱波は高齢の入院患者の死亡率を大幅に増加させる.
- 建物の断熱は,熱波が高齢者に与える悪影響を軽減する役割を果たします.
- 高齢者を極端な暑さによる有害な影響から守るためには,積極的な対策が必要である.
関連する概念動画
Factors Affecting Body Temperature
As a nurse, it is vital to understand the factors affecting body temperature to monitor variations and effectively evaluate deviations from regular.
Factors may include:
Factors may include:
Increased Body Temperature
A body temperature above 38°C (100.4 °F) is known as fever or pyrexia, and a person with fever is termed 'febrile.' Typically, the hypothalamus, a part of the brain that acts as the body's thermostat, regulates body temperature through a thermoregulatory setpoint. It receives signals from cold and warm thermal receptors throughout the body and adjusts the body's temperature accordingly. Fever occurs when this hypothalamic setpoint is altered, usually in response to an infection or illness.
Methods of reducing fever
The signs and symptoms of fever include hot and dry skin, flushed face, thirst, muscle aches, anorexia, headache, tachycardia, tachypnea, and fatigue. Elevated body temperature is reduced using two methods: pharmacological and nonpharmacological. Proper identification and treatment of the root cause of a fever is of utmost importance.
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Pharmacological Methods of Reducing Fever:
Decreased Body Temperature
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by sustained extreme cold exposure, and severe...
Types of Fever
Fever can be triggered by several factors, including infections, nervous system disorders, certain cancers, blood diseases like leukemia, embolism, thrombosis, heatstroke, dehydration, surgical trauma, crushing injuries, and allergic reactions.
Here are the different types of fever:
Here are the different types of fever:
Homeostatic Imbalances in Body Temperature
Hyperthermia occurs when the body's temperature becomes unusually high, often due to heat exposure, intense physical activity, or certain illnesses. This condition can create a dangerous cycle where elevated body temperature increases the metabolic rate, generating more heat and potentially leading to organ failure and brain damage. A severe form of hyperthermia, called heat stroke, can raise body temperature to life-threatening levels. Fever, on the other hand, is a controlled form of...


