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関連する概念動画

Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
Chromosome Structure02:40

Chromosome Structure

A functional eukaryotic chromosome must contain three elements: a centromere, telomeres, and numerous origins of replication.
The centromere is a DNA sequence that links sister chromatids. This is also where kinetochores, protein complexes to which spindle microtubules attach, are constructed after the chromosome is replicated. The kinetochores allow the spindle microtubules to move the chromosomes within the cell during cell division.
Telomeres consist of non-coding repetitive nucleotide...
Polytene Chromosomes02:04

Polytene Chromosomes

Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also regularly...
Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 7, 2026

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
11:52

Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

Published on: April 23, 2016

染色体外円形のコピーエレメントの起源

A J Flavell, D Ish-Horowicz

    Cell
    |September 1, 1983
    PubMed
    まとめ

    ヌクレオチド配列と制限酵素分析で研究された円形のコピー要素は,コピー転置における潜在的な役割を示しています. 再編成された円は,レトロウイルスと同様に,独自の配列に統合することを示唆しています.

    科学分野:

    • 分子生物学は分子生物学である.
    • 遺伝学 遺伝学とは
    • レトロウイルス学 レトロウイルス学

    背景:

    • コピーエレメントは,ドロソフィラ菌に見られるレトロトランポゾンである.
    • コピー要素 (コピーサークル) のクロモソーム外円形の形状は,細胞内に存在します.
    • コピーサークルの形成と機能は,まだ完全に理解されていない.

    研究 の 目的:

    • クローン化された染色体外円形のコピー要素の形成メカニズムを調査する.
    • コピー・トランスポジションにおけるコピー・サークルの潜在的な役割を探求する.
    • コピー要素とレトロウイルスの関係を解明する.

    主な方法:

    • クローンコピーサークルの核酸配列解析.
    • コピーサークルの制限酵素分析.
    • レトロウイルスの円形の形状を用いた比較シーケンス分析.

    主要な成果:

    • 逆転したセグメントと側面のシーケンス重複を持つ再配置されたコピーサークルが特定されました.
    • 0~15bpの挿入を含むシーケンスヘテロゲニティは,7つのコピアサークルで融合した端末の直接繰り返しの交点で観察されました.

    さらに関連する動画

    Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
    14:26

    Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells

    Published on: April 4, 2016

    High-throughput Identification of Gene Regulatory Sequences Using Next-generation Sequencing of Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C-seq)
    09:06

    High-throughput Identification of Gene Regulatory Sequences Using Next-generation Sequencing of Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C-seq)

    Published on: October 5, 2018

    関連する実験動画

    Last Updated: Jul 7, 2026

    Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
    11:52

    Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level

    Published on: April 23, 2016

    Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells
    14:26

    Genome-wide Purification of Extrachromosomal Circular DNA from Eukaryotic Cells

    Published on: April 4, 2016

    High-throughput Identification of Gene Regulatory Sequences Using Next-generation Sequencing of Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C-seq)
    09:06

    High-throughput Identification of Gene Regulatory Sequences Using Next-generation Sequencing of Circular Chromosome Conformation Capture (4C-seq)

    Published on: October 5, 2018

  • 観察された交差点配列は,逆転写による形成と矛盾していた.

    • 結論:

    • 円形のコピエレメントは,独自の配列に統合し,再配置された分子を形成することができます.
    • 再編成されたコピーサークルとレトロウイルスサークルの間の構造的類似性は,コピーのような要素とレトロウイルス間の関係を支持しています.
    • これらの特定の円形のコピー分子の形成には,標準的な逆転写以外のメカニズムが関与している可能性が高い.